1. EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION

2. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS  Why did Europeans explore the world’s oceans and colonize the Americas?  What ESP…(LOL) economic, social (religious), and political reasons lead to the establishment of the first thirteen colonies?  Which historical documents and colonial practices contributed to the growth of representative government?

3. REASONS FOR EUROPEAN EXPLORATION  Find Europe on a map. Stand up as soon as your have your thumb on it! Show the class.  Turn to your shoulder partner and see what they know about Marco Polo. Be prepared to share your combined knowledge.

4. EUROPE EXPLORES THE NEW WORLD  Europeans loved spices and silk. They wanted to find another way to get to China, and India, and other islands in East Asia.  For years they had to cross the very dangerous Middle East or go around the very big continent of Africa.

5. THE SILK ROAD

6. LONG AND DANGEROUS ROAD East Indies

7. REASONS FOR EUROPEAN EXPLORATION  Advances in technology  Powerful rulers established power over unruly nobles.  Desire to get rich rich rich!  Religious enthusiasm

8. SOOOOOOOOOOOOO  Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue in ________!  He was able to get financing for his journey from _______.  He first found land when he saw the Caribbean islands. He really thought he had landed in India and called these islands the West Indies.  He even called the natives ______.

9. THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE  The Columbian Exchange was one of the most significant events in world history. There were many new things in this new land that Europeans had never had before like corn, potatoes, tomatoes, chocolate, guinea pigs, llamas, and tobacco. (Look at the map on page 44.)  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNHivduxQWg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNHivduxQWg  Europeans brought things like horses, cows, pigs, guns, Christianity, government structures, and unfortunately diseases the natives had no immunities to.

10. APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED:  What ESP motivated Europeans to explore the ocean blue? EconomicSocial (Religious)Political

11. COLONIZATION  It didn’t take long for the European powers to realize these new lands were rich in gold and other natural resources. They started claiming land for themselves and created colonies so they could make profits off of the natural resources. A new economic system called mercantilism was developed. Under this system, the natural resources of a colony had to be sent to the “mother country” where the resources were turned into products and then sold back to the colonies. The “mother countries” got rich rich rich! FYI: The people living in the colonies began to resent this system.

12. EUROPEAN COLONIAL EMPIRES  New Spain : Spanish conquistadors (soldiers) conquered the Aztecs of Mexico and the Incas of Peru. (Look at the map on page 46.) Soon many Spaniards moved there and took large tracts of land called encomiendas for mining, ranching, and farming. They tried to use the natives as laborers, but the natives did not respond well to the very hard labor. So, captured Africans were brought over to work as slaves.  The Spanish were Catholic, so they also converted the natives and taught them the ways of the Catholic Church.

13. EUROPEAN COLONIAL EMPIRES  New France : The French also wanted to get rich rich rich. They settled in Canada along the St Lawrence River, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River down to New Orleans. Mostly French men came to the new world and many married native women. They set up small towns and trading posts. The primary source of wealth for them was the fur trade. The French got along pretty well with the Indians and also converted many to Catholicism.

14. EUROPEAN COLONIAL EMPIRES  New Netherland : Dutch merchants (business men) hired Henry Hudson to try and find a Northwest Passage to Asia. (Look for the Hudson Bay on page 46.) These merchants bought furs and other goods from the natives and French.  Hudson explored the northern waterways, and the Dutch claimed the New York area for themselves. Dutch families settled in what is now upper state New York. They welcomed people from other countries and were tolerant of other religions. They also brought enslaved Africans to their colony.

15. APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED:  Which European countries established colonies?  Where did they settle?  What were their economies?  What was their relationship with the natives? CountryWhereEconomyRelationship