1. The Widget Factory You own a widget factory. The cost of materials to produce one widget is $5. You resale widgets to your customers for $80. The average, happy, worker can produce five widgets per hour. Space limitations within your factory limit you to 30 fulltime employees. 1.What hourly wage will you pay you employees? 2.How long will the work day be? 3.What paid holiday will you give your employees? 4.Will you provide any other benefits? If so, what?

2. Labor Demands Better pay Shorter working hours Improved conditions (working environment) Main Tactic: Strikes

3. Labor Organizations Nation Labor Union (NLU) – combination of several, local craft unions, skilled tradesmen. Knights of Labor – Open membership, any worker, skilled or unskilled. American Federation of Labor (AFL) – only skilled workers. American Railway Union (ARU) – railroad workers, both skilled and unskilled. Industrial Workers of the World (IWW or Wobblies) – accepted all laborers, socialist ideas. What is the advantage of skilled labor for unions?

4. Infamous Strikes The Haymarket Affair The Homestead Strike The Pullman Strike Why did the government generally side with the businessman?