1. Presentation of the Group Assignment ELEC - E7120 Wireless systems Group 7 Ricardo Alberto (519627) Suraj Gachhadar (546179) Katariina Aaltonen (85094P) Sewda Biza (464015)

2. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusions Solutions Improvements

3. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusions Solutions Improvements

4. The Problem 3

5. Location: –In the middle of Lauttasaari –On the top of a hill, highest point of the island Problems: –Bad data connection –Bad quality of phone calls –Rare dropped phone calls Operator used: –Sonera was used to this study, also problems with other operators

6. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusions Solutions Improvements

7. Our Assumptions Due to the church being located in a cell-edge area of the network, the penetration loss of the walls create the problem There are some big trees around the church that may also attenuate the signal The location of the church (top of a hill), can make the attenuation be higher Due to the area being urban, shadow fading of the buildings may also decrease the quality of the signal

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9. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusions Solutions Improvements

10. Applications Used Network Signal Info 4,2/5 (23 319) by Andreas Kraemer, KAIBITS Software Netradar 3,7/5 (141) by Kaista Networks Network Signal Strength 4,1/5 (4122) by Laksman

11. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusions Solutions Improvements

12. Measurements

13. Measurements (1) Inside the church

14. Measurements (2) Inside the church

15. Measurements (3) Penetration loss of the walls 20 dB Outside Inside

16. Measurements (4) Point 1Point 2Point 3Point 4Point 5 Signal Stength - 81 dBm EDGE - 110 dBm LTE - 105 dBm LTE - 79 dBm LTE - 69 dBm LTE SpeedDL 134 kbps UL 49 kbps DL 10 115 kbps UL 1 429 kbps DL 17 286 kbps UL 3 901 kbps DL 37 242 kbps UL 12 515 kbps DL 88 646 kbps UL 40 328 kbps

17. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusion Solutions Improvements

18. Conclutions We conclude that the penetration loss is indeed a problem but the church is not on the cell edge The trees apparently do not affect that much since there are buildings in the line of sight between the church and the base station (higher than the trees) With the measurements we were able to conclude that both the heigth of the church and the shadow fading of the buildings caused a degradation in the signal level

19. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusions Solutions Improvements

20. Solutions To solve the penetration loss problem we need to step outside the church To solve the shadow fading of the buildings the antenna height of the base station should be higher A microcell inside the church would improve the signal qualityA relay near the church (preferably in the top of the Hill)

21. Outline The Problem Our Assumptions Applications Used Measurements Conclusions Solutions Improvements

22. The church was far away from everyone’s house. A extensive measurement campaign would be better to access the results We could have asked the operator where were the base stations exactly so we did not have to rely in the network signal info localization We could have measured the signal received from other base stations to calculate the SIR ratio We could have used different operators

23. Thank you for your attention! Questions?