1. RDF Syntax and examples ดร. มารุต บูรณรัช marut.bur@nectec.or.th marut.bur@nectec.or.th 269618: หัวข้อพิเศษด้านเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศขั้นสูง - เทคโนโลยีเว็บเชิงความหมาย (Special Topics in Advanced Information Technology – Semantic Web Technology) ภาควิชาวิทยาการคอมพิวเตอร์และเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร ภาคการศึกษาที่ 2 ปีการศึกษา 2557

2. RDF Syntax RDF Graph RDF/XML N-Triples Turtle (Terse RDF Triple Language) 2

3. Examples Adding triple with object as a resource Adding triple with object as literal (string) Adding triple with object as literal (integer) Adding triple with “rdf:type” property Adding triple for the same property with different values Different syntaxes for “rdf:about”, “rdf:ID”, “rdf:type” 3

4. Adding triple with object as a resource

5. Example RDF Triple “John Doe is a father of Jack Doe” Subjecthttp://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe Predicatehttp://www.mydomain.com/vocab#father-of Objecthttp://www.mydomain.com/person#jack_doe 5

6. RDF Graph http://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe http://www.mydomain.com/person#jack_doe http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#father-of 6

7. RDF/XML <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> 7

8. N-Triples. 8

9. Turtle @prefix x:. @prefix person:. person:john_doe x:father-of person:jack_doe. 9

10. Adding triple with object as literal (string)

11. Adding new triple Subjecthttp://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe Predicatehttp://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_name Object“John Doe”@en Note: “@” is optional for specifying language code of a string. 11

12. RDF Graph http://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe http://www.mydomain.com/person#jack_doe http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#father-of “John Doe”@en http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_name 12

13. RDF/XML <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> John Doe 13

14. N-Triples. "John Doe" @en. 14

15. Turtle @prefix x:. @prefix person:. person:john_doe x:father-of person:jack_doe ; x:has_name "John Doe"@en. 15

16. Adding triple with object as literal (integer)

17. Adding new triple Subjecthttp://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe Predicatehttp://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_birthyear Object“1970”^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int eger Note: “^^” is optional for specifying data type of a literal. If not specified, the default data type is string. 17

18. RDF Graph http://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe http://www.mydomain.com/person#jack_doe http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#father-of “John Doe”@en “1970”^^http://www. w3.org/2001/XMLS chema#integer http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_name http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_birthyear 18

19. RDF/XML <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> John Doe 1970 19

20. N-Triples. "John Doe" @en. "1970"^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer. 20

21. Turtle @prefix x:. @prefix person:. @prefix xsd:. person:john_doe x:father-of person:jack_doe ; x:has_name "John Doe"@en ; x:has_birthyear "1970"^^xsd:integer. 21

22. Adding triple with “rdf:type” property

23. Adding new triple Subjecthttp://www.mydomain.com/person#jack_doe Predicatehttp://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax- ns#type Objecthttp://www.mydomain.com/vocab#student 23

24. RDF Graph http://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe http://www.mydomain.com/person#jack_doe http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#father-of “John Doe”@en “1970”^^http://www. w3.org/2001/XMLS chema#integer http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_name http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_birthyear http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#student http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type 24

25. RDF/XML <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> John Doe 1970 25

26. N-Triples. "John Doe"@en. "1970"^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer.. 26

27. Turtle @prefix x:. @prefix person:. @prefix xsd:. person:john_doe x:father-of person:jack_doe ; x:has_name "John Doe"@en ; x:has_birthyear "1970"^^xsd:integer. person:jack_doe a x:student. 27

28. Adding triple for the same property with different values

29. Adding new triple Subjecthttp://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe Predicatehttp://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_name Object “ จอห์น โด ”@th Note: “@” is optional for specifying language code of a string. 29

30. RDF Graph http://www.mydomain.com/person#john_doe http://www.mydomain.com/person#jack_doe http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#father-of “John Doe”@en “1970”^^http://www. w3.org/2001/XMLS chema#integer http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_name http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_birthyear http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#student http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#has_name “ จอห์น โด ”@th 30

31. RDF/XML <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> John Doe 1970 จอห์น โด 31

32. N-Triples. "John Doe"@en. "1970"^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer.. “ จอห์น โด "@th. 32

33. Turtle @prefix x:. @prefix person:. @prefix xsd:. person:john_doe x:father-of person:jack_doe ; x:has_name "John Doe"@en, “ จอห์น โด "@th ; x:has_birthyear "1970"^^xsd:integer. person:jack_doe a x:student. 33

34. Different syntaxes for “rdf:about”, “rdf:ID”, “rdf:type”

35. The following RDF.. <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> Joe Clark 35

36. is equivalent to <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#" xml:base="http://www.mydomain.com/person"> Joe Clark 36

37. is equivalent to (2) <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> Joe Clark 37

38. is equivalent to (3) <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:x="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#" xml:base="http://www.mydomain.com/person"> Joe Clark 38

39. Summary RDF triples can be represented in multiple syntaxes  RDF/XML is a current standard although it is more complex than other syntaxes.  Turtle is an extension of N-Tripples syntax and is a subset of Notation 3 (N3) syntax.  Turtle gains more popularity due to its simplicity and has just become a standard.  Turtle syntax is compatible with SPARQL syntax which makes it easier to use with SPARQL. 39

40. Lab 1. Please create the example RDF/XML data in a file “person.rdf” 1.1 Validate the created RDF data in W3C RDF Validation Service - http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/http://www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/ 1.2 Show the results in RDF triples and graph 2. Create the above RDF data in using N-Triples and Turtle syntax and validate the data using http://rdf.greggkellogg.net/distiller http://rdf.greggkellogg.net/distiller 40

41. Exercise 1: Add the following information to the above RDF data  Full name of ‘person:jack_doe’ as “Jack Doe” (in English) and “ แจ็ค โด ” (in Thai)  Add 2 phone numbers of ‘person:jack_doe’ as “082-111- 5555” and “02-123-1111” using property ‘x:has_phone’  Add birthdate of ‘person:jack_doe’ as “1970-11-11” using property ‘x:has_birthdate’ with ‘xsd:date’ datatype.  Add a triple that ‘person:john_doe’ has property ‘rdf:type’ of ‘x:doctor’. 41

42. Exercise 1: Show the new RDF data in the following formats: 1) RDF Graph 2) RDF/XML 3) N-Triples 4) Turtle 42

43. Exercise: 2 <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xml:base="http://www.mydomain.com/vocab#"> Show this RDF data that makes use of RDF schema vocabulary in RDF Graph form 43