1. Take Part. Get Set For Life.™ National Federation of State High School Associations Basketball Three Officials’ Mechanics

2. Take Part. Get Set For Life.™ National Federation of State High School Associations NFHS Basketball 2009-11 Mechanics Changes

3. Free-Throw Positioning (2)  Two-person crews only.  When free-throws are to be attempted, the calling official will become trail and will be positioned tableside.  The lead official will be positioned opposite the table.  The change puts the calling official in a better position to communicate with the head coach.

4. Free-Throw Positioning (2)  The calling official has the option of going to lead (opposite) to avoid a confrontational situation.  This practice should rarely be used and should be discussed thoroughly in the pregame conference.  If NO free-throws are to be attempted, the officials will switch positions on the foul – as in the past.

6. Free-Throw Positioning (2)  Lead is opposite table approximately 4 feet from near lane line for ALL free throws.  Trail is tableside halfway between the near lane line and the sideline; just above the free-throw line extended.

8. Trail Mirrors Lead’s ‘Chop’ (3)  Three-person crews only.  When the lead is administering frontcourt end line throw-ins, the trail will now mirror the lead’s stop- and start-clock (chop) signal.  This helps the timer to accurately start the clock when his/her view of the lead is obscured.

10. NFHS 2009-11 Officials Manual  Points of Emphasis: Signals & Communication Positioning on Free Throws End of Time-out Procedures Positioning

11. NFHS 2009-11 Officials Manual  Major Editorial Changes: Free-throw coverage areas adjusted based on players occupying the marked lane spaces closest to the shooter. Clarified lead takes the same position for all free throws. Language added addressing a state association authorizing a monitor review for a state championship contest. –The SDHSAA will not use monitor review for state championship contests

12. NFHS 2009-11 Officials Manual  Major Editorial Changes: Added procedures when play is stopped for a held-ball situation. Duties of the alternate official were added to the appendix. –An alternate official will be used for State Tournament Games –Alternate officials will not be used for regular season games

13. | 13 | Presentation Topics  Court Coverage  Pregame  Jump Ball  Primary Coverage Areas  Rotations  Throw-ins  Fouls & Switching  Free Throws  Time-outs & Intermission  Last-Second Shot

14. | 14 | Terminology  Ball Side  Center Official  Close Down  Lead Official  Move to Improve  Primary Coverage Area (PCA)  Rotation  Straight-Line  Strong Side  Switch  Trail Official  Weak Side  Wide Triangle

15. Purpose and Philosophy  All officials must be on the same page  The crew must establish what they will tolerate in the first 2 minutes of the game  Once a pattern is established, the crew must be consistent throughout the game  Take care of your primary area to develop game control and be consistent  The crew CANNOT be ball watchers  Call the foul—the players will adjust  Make the Tough Calls—Make the Right Calls—Make Your Calls Be Quality Calls

16. | 16 | Pregame Positions U1 observes home team warm-up U2 observes visiting team warm-up

17. | 17 | Jump Ball Umpire1 chops clock – watches jumpers Umpire2 watches eight non- jumpers Umpire1 & Umpire2 mindful of quick 3-pt attempt and over/back

18. | 18 | Jump Ball Referee always goes into Trail position Ball goes left Ball goes right

19. | 19 | Primary Coverage Areas Both Center and Trail should close down on shots

20. | 20 | Line Coverage L has entire end line C has closest sideline T has closest sideline, division line, and far end line Call only your line

21. | 21 | Court Coverage

22. | 22 | Coverage on Transition

23. | 23 | Press Coverage Center stays in backcourt Lead should have deepest player in front and boxed-in

24. | 24 | Shot & Rebound Coverage Lead should not be positioned within lane lines Both Center and Trail should close down on shots Center is primarily responsible for weak side rebounding

25. | 25 | Shot & Rebound Coverage

26. | 26 | Three-Point Shot Coverage If both Center and Trail indicate the 3- pt attempt, Trail referees defense on shooter and stays with shot; Center releases and covers rebounding Center/Trail should mirror the other official’s “good” signal

27. | 27 | Rotations  Rotations should be thoroughly discussed at the pregame conference  Ball location keys the need for a rotation  The Trail or Center can facilitate a rotation, but only the Lead initiates a rotation  A rotation should only take place when all three officials are in the frontcourt  A rotation begins when Lead moves laterally and penetrates the key area

28. | 28 | Rotations  Rotation is not complete until Lead passes beyond far lane-line extended  Lead must officiate play in the post – even while moving across the lane  If the Lead begins to rotate and ball is quickly reversed or a quick shot taken – Lead does not have to complete rotation  There should rarely be two Trail’s – there may be two Center’s for brief periods of time

29. | 29 | Rotations  If a trap occurs near the division line on Center’s side of court, Center moves higher to officiate that play and Lead should initiate a rotation  If Lead does not rotate – Center should go back to a normal Center position when play permits

30. | 30 | Rotation Sequence L goes to ball-side, T closes down, C completes rotation (last to rotate)

31. | 31 | Transition After Rotation  All officials must recognize rotation has occurred  If Lead rotated late and a transition occurs – it is old Lead’s (new Trail’s) responsibility to look up court making sure partners picked up rotation  If not, the new Trail should be prepared to adjust his/her location on the floor

32. | 32 | Transition Coverage After Rotation

33. | 33 | Throw-In Cues  Lead may administer throw-ins on either side of player when staying in frontcourt; Trail mirrors clock-chop signal  Trail handles all throw-ins in the backcourt – regardless of location – “bump and run” if necessary  Trail may bounce any sideline or end line throw-in (depends on defensive pressure) As trail DO NOT bounce ball across paint area—make adjustment in your position to avoid bouncing ball across paint area

34. | 34 | End Line Throw-Ins in the Frontcourt Lead may administer throw-ins on either side of player when staying in frontcourt; Trail mirrors chop-clock signal

35. | 35 | Sideline Throw-Ins in the Backcourt Trail handles all throw-ins in the backcourt – regardless of location – “bump and run” if necessary

36. | 36 | End Line Throw-Ins in the Backcourt If no pressure, Center and Lead may go to home locations

37. | 37 | Foul Reporting

38. | 38 | Fouls & Basic Switching  Non-calling officials should observe all players  Calling official goes table side after reporting  Official originally table side fills the vacancy left by the calling official

39. | 39 | Fouls & Basic Switching  Third official remains in same position occupied at time of foul  If calling official was table side, no switch occurs  No long switch on fouls called in the backcourt without free throws

40. | 40 | Foul Reporting & Switching Lead calls tableside foul – goes to reporting area. Becomes new Trail Trail becomes new Lead Center remains Center Staying in the Frontcourt

41. | 41 | Foul Reporting & Switching Staying in the Frontcourt Lead calls foul opposite table goes to reporting area. Then becomes new Center. Center becomes new Lead Trail remains Trail

42. | 42 | Foul Reporting & Switching Lead calls foul opposite, reports and returns to administer throw-in as new Trail Old Trail becomes new Lead Center remains Center Backcourt to Frontcourt - No Free Throws

43. | 43 | Foul Reporting & Switching Center calls foul, reports and slides down to become new Lead Old Trail becomes new Center Lead goes to sideline to administer throw-in and becomes new Trail Backcourt to Frontcourt - No Free Throws

44. | 44 | Disqualification Procedure 1.New table side (Center or Trail) official: Notifies coach Requests timer to begin 20-second replacement interval Notifies disqualified player 2.Officials not administering disqualification position for subsequent throw-in or free throw

45. | 45 | Disqualification Procedure 3.Administering official takes a position on division line half way between center circle and sideline nearest table to administer substitution

46. | 46 | Free Throws Calling official becomes Trail Lead administers all throws Center and Trail close down on last shot attempt

47. | 47 | Time-outs & Intermissions

48. | 48 | Last-Second Shot  Center or Trail – Opposite table official is responsible  Lead may offer assistance or be responsible on fast break  Responsible official communicates with partners that he/she has the last- second shot  Discussed during pregame

49. Violation Procedure Do Not Use “Hit and Run Officiating  Simultaneously, sound the whistle and signal to stop the clock  Make eye contact with partner(s)—double whistles  Maintain the stop the clock signal while stepping toward the area of the violation Stop, then signal the type of violation  Simultaneously state the jersey color of the team entitled to the ball for ensuing throw-in Signal in the direction of that team’s basket  Never turn your back when indicating the direction

50. Consistent Enforcement  Enforce the rules as written  Selective rule enforcement  Enforce rules consistently  Do It Right—Be Consistent

51. Game Day Has Come Make The Most Of It! The season is closing in on us quickly, make sure you are mentally and physically prepared for the rigors of what should be an outstanding season. Develop A Passion For Officiating! Have Some Fun

52. Questions National Federation of State High School Associations