1. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Shaping the e-future? Grids, Web Services and Digital Libraries Professor Tony Hey, Director UK e-Science Programme Dr Liz Lyon, Director UKOLN International JISC/CNI Conference June 2002, Edinburgh, UK

2. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Part 2 Joining up the thinking Web Services & the Information Environment Unpacking the components –Infrastructure services : registries –Semantics and knowledge technologies –Re-applying Grid concepts –Service management : autonomic computing, e-Utilities A new, broader, integrated vision?

3. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk The JISC Information Environment “build an on-line information environment providing secure and convenient access to a comprehensive collection of scholarly and educational material” JISC Strategy 2001-2005 Technical Architecture Study May 2001 http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/distributed-systems/dner/arch/dner-arch.html –Content providers, shared services, brokers & aggregators, portals –Discover: searching (Z39.50), sharing (OAI-PMH), alerting (RSS) –Access: resolver (OpenURL), institutional profiles

4. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Web Services Business models – Application to application, B2C to B2B, m2m Global take-up – Google Web Services APIs – Campus services integration at UC Berkeley – UK e-Government Interoperability Framework (e-GIF) Vs 4.0 Support organisations –World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Web Services Activity http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/ –Web Services Interoperability Working Group (WS-I) http://www.ws-i.org/

5. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Web Services standards WSDL Web Services Description Language http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl –descriptions of Web Services UDDI Universal Discovery, Description & Integration http://www.uddi.org/specification.html –registries containing service descriptions SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP/ –transport protocol for communication between Web Services Emerging standards: WSRP, WSIA, WSXL…….

6. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk IBM Web Services model Service registry Service provider Service requestor Find Publish Bind WSDL UDDI WSDL SOAP WSDL UDDI

7. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk JISC IE Web Services mapping Service registry Service provider Service requestor Find Publish Bind Collection description service and Service description service IE service registry? Content providers, aggregators, brokers, shared services Portals, aggregators, brokers

8. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Service registry Service provider Service requestor Find Publish Bind Collection description service and Service description service IE service registry? Content providers, aggregators, brokers, shared services Portals, aggregators, brokers The JISC Information Environment and Web Services Andy Powell and Liz Lyon http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue31/information- environments/

9. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Service Registries UDDI Web Service standard –Global public registry –Private registries JISC Information Environment registry Grid Service registry –Service type –Service instance Functionality –Registries are dynamic services –Implement searching across multiple registries New Web Services compliant products ?

10. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Metadata Schema Registries CORES http://www.cores-eu.net/ a forum on shared metadata vocabularies. –Standards Interoperability Forum in November –A Metadata Registry for the Semantic Web Rachel Heery (UKOLN) & Harry Wagner (OCLC) D-Lib May 2002 Metadata for Education Group (MEG) http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/education/regproj/ –Demo of registry at Workshop in September 2 nd Joint UKOLN / NeSC workshop Autumn 2002 –focussing on exchange of practical experience

11. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Semantic Web architecture – Tim Berners-Lee http://www.w3.org/2000/Talks/1206-xml2k-tbl/slide10-0.html

12. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Ontologies and semantics Semantic Web vision : a shared understanding of the meaning of descriptions of digital content (human, m2m) An ontology defines the terms used to describe and represent an area of knowledge –classes of “things” –relationships between things –properties (attributes) of things Semantic Web and Web Services are complementary –WWW and Web Services based on XML –Semantic Web based on ontology languages e.g. RDF, DAML+OIL New Web ontology languages under development e.g. DAML-Services, Ontology Web Language (OWL) –http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/WebOnt/

13. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk

14. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Knowledge and Web mining The application of data mining techniques to the content, structure and usage of Web resources Usage mining e.g. Amazon personal recommendations (note privacy issues!) Structure mining e.g. RDN-WSE project http://ilrt.org/discovery/2002/01/wse-rdn/ Content mining (data) e.g. AstroGrid developing a virtual observatory to support exploitation of key astronomical datasets http://www.astrogrid.org/

15. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Grid Services Persistent services e.g. a data repository Transient service instances which are dynamically created through a Factory interface and have a specified lifetime e.g. a distributed data mining service How can we apply Web mining techniques to DL resources ? –Pattern analysis of multiple distributed video streams –Textual analysis of virtual collections of archival documents

16. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Collaborative environments Distributed scientific collaboration Collaborative Advanced Knowledge Technologies in the Grid (CoAKTinG) http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/project/akt/coakting/ –Smart spaces –Ontologically annotated audio/video streams –Describing “presence” How can we apply research experience to Learning & Teaching environments ? –Tutor/student/group interaction in a VLE

17. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Computing (e-)Utilities Computing on-demand Storage on-demand Applications on-demand Application Service Providers (ASPs) Which digital library functions should we outsource to improve efficiency ? –Preservation and curation services –Resolver services –Data / learning resource repositories

18. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Autonomic computing “Technology needs to manage itself” Irving Wladawsky-Berger, IBM Manifesto Paul Horn, IBM http://www.research.ibm.com/autonomic/manifesto/autonomic_computing.pdf 8 key elements e.g. –Self-optimising –Self-configuration –Self-healing –Self-protecting Should we apply this approach to digital libraries? –Improve performance by “intelligent” selection of targets for search requests based on response times

19. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk The e-future? Digital Libraries Persistent Grids Transient Web Services Transactional Data Business Information Semantic Web Knowledge

20. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk ……Questions?