1. 2013 the 2nd HongKong International Conference on Engineering and Applied Science
Kuwait Environmental Remediation Program (KERP) : Risk Based Approach Process
Presented by
Dhari AlGharabally
Team Leader Soil Remediation Support
Aberto De La Roche
Aisha-Al-Barood
Date: / November 2015
22nd International Petroleum Environmental Conference, Denver, CO

2. Outline About Kuwait and Kuwait Oil Company KERP Features / UN Claims
KERP-Key milestones
Original vs. Revised plan
Risk based approach and risk assessment
KERP challenges
KERP Projects planning and time frame

4. Population about 4 million Total area 17,820 km2 (157th) 6,880 sq mi

5. 2 Water Injection Plants 2 Water disposal plants
Employees :
~ 6,000 KOC Staff
~ 50,000 Contractor staff
Spread over 3 Assets
South and East Kuwait
West Kuwait
North Kuwait
Producing Assets
21 Gathering Centers
4 Booster stations
~1647 Well heads
2 Water Injection Plants
2 Water disposal plants

6. 4 MM B /D By 2020 1934 – KOC was Founded
1980 – Parent Company (KPC) was Formed
4 MM B /D
By 2020
1990 – Suspended Operations (Invasion)
1946 – First Oil Shipment
1940
1930
1960
1950
1980
1970
2000
1990
2010
2020
1938 – Oil in Burgan Field
Full Ownership
In 1975
1991 – The Oil Fires (more than 700 wells were detonated)
1995 Reached
2 MM B /D
2009 Reached
3MM B /D
Capacity

7. (NASA photographs STS037-152- 91 and STS-039-72-60.)
In February 1991, near the end of the Gulf War, Iraqi troops systematically destroyed and set fire to 750 oil wells across Kuwait. Approximately 4 to 6 million barrels of crude oil and 70 to 100 million cubic meters of natural gas burned each day for weeks.
res/ShuttleRetrospective/page8.php
(NASA photographs STS  and STS )

23. KERP - PROJECT BACKGROUND
After the Gulf war, in February 1991, Kuwait’s oil wells were damaged and set on fire, resulting in oil contamination of the land.
Contamination of the environment occurred from oil spreading over the land surface and penetrated the soil subsurface to varying depths and formation of oil lakes.
Gushing oil and combustion products from oil fires as well as heavy black smoke.
After 24 years, these large oil lakes and oil contaminated piles (~26 million cubic meters of heavily oil contaminated soils) still exist in KOC oil field areas.
This Unique Programme is currently the largest environmental inland cleanup in the world.

24. Coastal & Marine Resources
KOC-KERP CLAIM AWARDS
Coastal Trenches
Coastal Deposits
Coastal & Marine Resources
Coastal Oil Trench
23,025 m3
Coastal Oil Deposits
8,319 m3
Weathered Oil layers
4,202 m3
Total Funds :$ 4 million
KOC Funds : $ 4 million

25. Remediation of areas in and around wellhead pits and Tarcrete
KOC-KERP CLAIM AWARDS
Wellhead Pits
Tarcrete
Remediation of areas in and around wellhead pits and Tarcrete
Wellhead pits
116,000 m3
Tarcrete
250,000 m3
Total Funds : $ 640 million
KOC Funds : $ 170 million

26. KOC-KERP CLAIM AWARDS Dry Oil Lakes Soil Piles Wet Oil Lakes
Remediation of:
Dry and wet oil lakes
Contaminated piles
Wet Oil lakes
4.56 Mm3
Dry Oil Lakes
8.92 Mm3
Contaminated Piles
12.22 Mm3
Total Funds :$ 2.2 Billion
KOC Funds : $ 1.9 Billion

27. VOLUME PER CLAIM Wellhead Pits & Tarcrete
Wet Oil Lakes, Dry Oil Lakes & Contaminated Piles
Coastal Trenches, Deposits, Weathered Layers

28. KERP- KEY MILESTONES
Kuwait Gov. established KNFP
2006
MOU between KNFP and KOC
2010
KOC established Soil Remediation Group
2012
Amec Foster wheeler
appointed as PMC
2012
Approval of KERP Strategy
2015

29. Landfills ORIGINAL PLAN Original direction was disposal
Is this the legacy we want to leave?
Contaminated soil
Landfills

30. TOTAL REMEDIATION SOLUTION Re-used or recycled or Disposal
KERP STRATEGY
TOTAL REMEDIATION SOLUTION
Treatment
Risk Based
Approach
Re-used or recycled or Disposal
TPH 2% to 10%
Compared to the old strategy, landfill need is cut by 90%
TPH > 10%
TPH 1% to 3%
10%
40%
50%

31. Why Risk-Based Approach is important element in KERP?
2013 the 2nd HongKong International Conference on Engineering and Applied Science
Why Risk-Based Approach is important element in KERP?

32. RISK BASED APPROACH
1. The RBA provides the vehicle to minimize any unnecessary remedial activity
2. Derive risk based, site-specific clean up criteria (SSAC) for contaminants
3. Determine remediation areas and priorities
4. Agree the steps and clean-up criteria with stakeholders
5. Use risk assessments to determine re-use, no action, or limited action

33. RISK Hazard Exposure Receptor
RISK ASSESSMENT
Risk assessment is a tool to evaluate potential risks to human health and the environment.
Quantitative Risk Assessment is used to develop remediation/corrective target goals and prioritize areas.
Risk => Hazard X Exposure X Receptor
RISK
Hazard
Exposure
Receptor

34. RISK ASSESSMENT CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL
Conceptual Site Model (CSM) - Typical Oil Exploration Site
ure

35. Obtaining Current Data Selection of proven Technologies
KEY CHALLENGES
Funds
Management
Obtaining Current Data
Selection of proven Technologies
Challenges
Funds: external funding, KOC adapting to it
Tech: how to know what works, treatment technologies workshop
Contracting strategy: unknowns – lessons learned from SEED
UXO: major bottle neck , based on experience from previous projects
Data: available data is 12 years old, insufficient data to design future projects
UXO/ EOD Management
Contracts Strategy

36. KERP Projects Planning
Current
Projects
Landfill SEK
0.5 Mm3
Short Term
Projects
Treatment
Process NK
400,000m3
Landfill NK
1.7Mm3
Sludge
Studies
Excavation
& Transportation NK
1.7 Mm3
Excavation
& Transportation
SEK
0.5 Mm3
Treatment
Process SEK
300,000m3
Landfills in Current projects: to comply with UN regulations, priority areas, over fresh water and heavy material
UXO: geophysical survey
SSC: extent and type
Long term: goal is to eliminate Landfill by sludge studies
Our current plans include more landfills, however, our aim is to eliminate further landfills by investing our efforts in reuse, recycle, recover through studies
Treatment
Processes
9.7Mm3
Long Term/
Future Projects
Enabling
Projects
UXO Project
Recovery
for
Disposal/Re-use
1.4Mm3
Site Soil
Characterization
Risk Based
Approach
9.2 Mm3
Landfill
2.8Mm3

37. KERP TIME FRAME
OTHER STAKEHOLDERS
KMOD
KEPA
PAAF
MEW
The line started to rise, and our job is to keep that momentum going.
Ladies and gentlemen, Our motive to coming to work everyday is …

38. Preserving the future of Kuwait
Thank you
Kuwait Oil Company
Preserving the future of Kuwait
Dhari AlGharabally
(857) USA (end of Nov)
Kuwait
2013 the 2nd HongKong International Conference on Engineering and Applied Science