1. Regulating The Cell Cycle

2. Warm Up – The Cell Cycle The cell spends 80% of the time in _______________ and 20% of the time in ________________ What are the steps in mitosis?

3. Key Concept How is the cell cycle regulated? How do cells know when to divide? How do you heal when you break a bone?

4. Regulate the Cell Cycle Cyclin: A protein that regulates the cell cycle Tells the cell when to begin mitosis

5. Growth Factors Growth factors stimulate the growth and division of cells When is this important?

6. How Does a Cell Die? 1. Accident or injury 2. Apoptosis: Programmed cell death

7. What is Cancer? How have we been affected by cancer? How are cancer cells different from other cells? Why doesn’t everyone get cancer?

8. Cancer Cancer: Uncontrollable cell growth Cancer cells don’t respond to signals that regulate growth of cells Tumor: Mass of cells that divide uncontrollably

9. What Causes Cancer? Defects in genes that regulate cell growth and division. Sources? Defect in gene p53, which normally stops the cell cycle until all chromosomes are properly replicated.

10. How Cancers Spread: Metastasis Cancerous cells lose control and continue to grow & divide, producing tumors which can metastasize (spread to other parts of the body)

11. Think & Apply… How are cancer cells different from normal cells? When researchers develop drugs, what characteristic of cancer cells do you think they target?

12. Cancer: A Disease of the Cell Cycle Driving Question: From what we explore about cell growth and the cell cycle, why doesn’t everyone get cancer? Essential skills: 2.1 The student will analyze the steps of the cell life cycle, including replication, mitosis and meiosis and describe the significance of each. 2.2 The student will explain the process of tumor propagation and cancerous cell division. Overview: How does cancer arise? We will explore the effect of environmental and genetic factors on cancer and how cell cycle regulation can go wrong.

13. List of possible cancers: Colon Cancer Breast cancer Lung cancer Stomach cancer Skin cancer (melanoma) Hodgekin’s Lymphoma (immune system) Liver cancer Leukemia (blood) Prostate cancer Pancreas Cancer Colorectal Cancer (3 rd most common) Brain cancer Kidney Cancer