1. Embryology Doc. MUDr. Ing. RNDr. Peter Celec, DrSc., MPH petercelec@gmail.com www.imbm.sk

2. Stem cells Totipotency All tissue types Pluripotency All tissues except placenta and amniotic sac Multipotency Several related tissue types

5. Differentiation

6. Programming and reprogramming

7. Nucleus transfer John Bertrand Gurdon (1933 - ) Nobel prize in Physiology or medicine 2012

8. Somatic cell nuclear transfer Dolly (5 July 1996 – 14 February 2003)

9. Cloning Reproductive Therapeutic

10. Cloning

11. Pluripotency

12. iPSC Shinya Yamanaka Kyoto University

14. iPS Reprogramming of differentiated cells Pluripotency No immune response Without retroviral vectors Without oncogenes pH? Reproducibility

15. Shinya Yamanaka (1962 – ) Nobel prize 2012 – Physiology or medicine

17. Malignant transformation Robert Weinberg (1942 - ) Oncogenes Ras Tumor suppressors Rb1

18. Hallmarks of cancer Hanahan & Weinberg, Cell, 2000

19. Hallmarks of cancer Hanahan & Weinberg, Cell, 2011

21. Malignant transformation Bert Vogelstein (1949- ) Vogelgram

23. Genometastasis

25. www.imbm.sk petercelec@gmail.com