1. Instructional Systems

2. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Chapter Outline Instructional Systems – Components of an Instructional System – Characteristics of an Instructional System – Categories of Instructional Systems

3. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Chapter Outline cont. Cooperative Learning – Advantages – Limitations – Integration – Computer-Based Cooperative Learning – Online Collaborative Learning

4. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Chapter Outline cont. Games – Advantages – Limitations – Integration – Adapting the Content of Instructional Games

5. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Chapter Outline cont. Simulations – Advantages – Limitations – Integration – Simulation and Problem-Based Learning – Simulators – Role Plays Simulation Games – Integration – Cooperative Simulation Games

6. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Chapter Outline cont. Programmed Instruction – Advantages – Limitations – Integration Programmed Tutoring – Advantages – Limitations – Integration

7. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. The Components and Characteristics of Most Instructional Systems

8. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Concepts: Instruction, Simulation, Game InstructionSimulation Game SGIG ISG IS

9. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Linear and Branching Programs 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 2a 3a 3 4 5 6a 6 77a

10. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Simulation/Gaming and ASSURE Model A nalyze Learners S tate Objectives S elect Media and Materials Select relevant practice of skills stated in objectives? valid representation of reality? Modify see frame games

11. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Simulation/Gaming and ASSURE Model U tilize Media and Materials preview prepare the environment prepare the audience R equire Learner Participation see “How to...Conduct Debriefing” E valuate/Revise 

12. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. How To... Design Instructional Simulations/Games 1.Select Content and Scope 2. Specify Audience 3. Specify Objectives 4. Develop GAME MODEL A) scenario B) roles, motives C) constraints and resources (including information) D) transactions E) consequences 5. Develop Rules A) procedures for play B) Scoring 6. Construct PROTOTYPE 7. Try Out PROTOTYPE 8. REVISE

13. Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. How To... Conduct a Debriefing: The Four-D Procedure Step 1. Decompressing (Feelings) “How did you fell when... ?” Step 2. Describing (Facts) “What happened when you... ?” “What real-life situation does this resemble?” Step 3. Drawing Comparisons (Transfer) “How does the scoring system compare with real life costs and payoffs?” Step 4. Deriving Lessons (Application) “How can you apply these learnings to real life?”