1. Methods of Organization Analyze ways authors organize and present ideas

2. Making Information Clear Authors choose structure to organize information and make their meaning clear. Readers use strategies to support interpretation of text.

3. Writing Clarity Authors use organization to develop their point of view They use different approaches to support their purposes They pick an organization format that will help make their ideas clear to the reader

4. Readers ask… Can I see a pattern to the argument? How are the ideas divided and presented? Why has the author chosen this particular organization pattern?

5. Organizational Patterns Chronological Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast Main Idea and Supporting Details

6. Chronological Story or information is told in the order that the events occurred Sari’s Education 1 st Grade2 nd Grade3 rd Grade4 th Grade

7. Chronological Example (1) First, Goldilocks sat in the great big, Papa Bear chair, but it was too hard. Then, she sat in the medium sized, Mama Bear chair, but it was too soft. Finally, she sat in the little, bitty, Baby Chair, and it was just right.

8. Chronological Example (2) When the Anglo-Saxons conquered the British Isles they introduced their language which was composed of common everyday words like boat and tree. Later, the Normans added French words like café.

9. Cause and Effect The author establishes a link between the way things are now and how they got that way. CAUSE EFFECT

10. Order doesn’t matter Sometimes the cause will be presented first… …then the effect will follow CAUSE EFFECT

11. Cause/Effect Example (1) Cause: During the experiment, Henry poured the liquid bromine into the saline solution. Effect: His hypothesis was proved correct when the solution changed colors.

12. Order still doesn’t matter Sometimes the issues are presented with the effects sited first… …then the causes are offered as explanation CAUSE EFFECT

13. Cause/Effect Example (2) Effect: The future of gorillas in the wild is at risk. Scientists predict that at the present rate of decline, in 30 years all the world’s wild gorillas will be gone. Cause: Gorilla meat is a dietary staple for nearly 12 million people in Africa.

14. Comparison and Contrast One idea is presented first, followed by a similar or different way of seeing things. ApplesOranges

15. Compare/Contrast Example (1) Seurat painted scenes of everyday life full of realistic people and objects with soft edges and lines. He wanted his art to capture “feelings” of the moment. Picasso, on the other hand, used distorted images and strange colors to create mood.

16. Compare/Contrast Example (2) Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system, much larger than Earth. It is mostly made of hydrogen. It rotates more quickly too. A day on Saturn is only about 10 Earth hours long. But it takes about 30 of our years to make one full trip around the sun.

17. Main Idea and Supporting Idea Major ideas are presented and supported with evidence or details. Main Idea Supporting Idea

18. Main Idea Example (1) Native American tribes lived in a variety of different dwellings. The Plains Indians used tepees that were easy to put up and take down. The Iroquois built longhouses, which were large rectangular homes. The Navajo constructed earth-covered dwellings called hogans.

19. Main Idea Example (2) Out on the sidewalk I could hear Ted and his brother arguing. Then the neighbor’s dog started barking because of the loud hammering across the street. It was not a peaceful day.

20. Question Examples

21. Key Words This story is organized by— comparing a family’s life in an apartment with its life in a house describing a series of events that fulfills a family dream discussing what each member of a family thinks about building a home providing examples of how people lived in 1925 Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? Presenting the steps of amber and pearl formation in the order in which they occur Comparing the formation of amber to the formation of pearls Describing features of amber and pearls that determine their worth Presenting basic information first about amber and then about pearls

22. Chronology Key Words First Next Then After Before Sequential dates Events Order First she sat in the hard chair Next she sat in the soft chair Finally, she sat in the baby’s chair

23. Cause and Effect Key Words Problem/Solutions Questions/Answers Why Because Reasons CauseEffect

24. Compare/Contrast Key Words Differ Same Alike Compare But Both Similar 1920’s1950’s

25. Main Idea Key Words Overview Mostly about Details

26. REVIEW What are the 4 organizational patterns? Why do author’s use different types of organization? What clues will help you determine the pattern?

27. Remember… Chronological Cause/Effect Comparison/Contrast Main/Supporting Idea