1. SPINAL CORD, SPINAL NERVES, EYE AND EAR ANATOMY

2. Learning Objectives Identify structures of the spinal cord, both gross anatomical structures and cross sectional structures. Identify meninges and spaces around the spinal cord. Identify major peripheral nerves and nerve plexuses. Identify the accessory and internal structures of the eye, and explain their function. Describe the structures of the external and middle ear and explain how they function.

3. Gross anatomy of the spinal cord

4. Cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord

6. Spinal Nerves: Roots Figure 13.7a

7. The Meninges

8. Spinal Nerves Figure 13.6

9. Nerve Plexuses All ventral rami except T 2 -T 12 form interlacing nerve networks called plexuses Plexuses are found in the cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral regions Each resulting branch of a plexus contains fibers from several spinal nerves

10. Cervical Plexus Figure 13.8

11. Brachial Plexus Figure 13.9a

12. Figure 13.9c Brachial Plexus: Distribution of Nerves

13. Figure 13.7b Spinal Nerve Innervation: Back, Anterolateral Thorax, and Abdominal Wall

14. Lumbar Plexus Figure 13.10

15. Sacral Plexus Figure 13.11

16. Eternal Features and Accessory Structures of the Eye

17. The eye Conjunctiva covers most of eye Cornea is transparent anterior portion Three layers Outer fibrous tunic Sclera, cornea, limbus Middle vascular tunic Iris, ciliary body, choroid Inner nervous tunic Retina

18. The Sectional Anatomy of the Eye

19. Cow eye: External and internal anatomy

20. The Sectional Anatomy of the Eye

21. The Anatomy of the Ear

22. The Middle Ear

23. The Inner Ear

24. The Organ Of Corti

25. Histology of the cochlea