1. Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 11 The topic or heading will always be at the top of the Powerpoint. Include the # Ex: 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Essential Question: Define atom, and identify its main parts and their functions Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
Define atom, and identify its main parts and their functions
Key Concept: All living things are based on atoms and their interactions

2. KEY CONCEPT All living things are based on atoms and their interactions.

3. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter.
Please draw and label an atom on pg. 10 (don’t take up the whole page!)
energy
level

4. Fun Fact
It would take you over 1,000,000,000,000 (1 Trillion) years to count the number of atoms in a single grain of sand

5. Although there is a huge variety of matter on Earth, all atoms share the same basic structure…
Protons- in the nucleus. Positively charged (+)
Neutrons-in the nucleus. Neutrally charged (no charge)
Electrons-much smaller particles on the outside of the nucleus on the energy level. Negatively charged (-)

6. Energy levels: electrons are located here
Energy levels: electrons are located here. Inner levels only have 2 electrons, other levels hold up to 8.
Oxygen atom (O)
Nucleus: 8 protons (+) 8 neutrons
outermost energy level: 6 electrons (-)
inner energy level: 2 electrons (-)
Energy Levels

7. What can you notice about these elements’ proton numbers and electron numbers?
Iron
50 P
50 E
69 N
Tin
79 P
79 E
118 N
Gold
Proton # = Electron # !!!!
Aluminum
13 P
13 E
14 N

8. Gold electrically neutral!!!! +5 + (-5) = ??? +5 + (-5) = 0
*Atoms have equal numbers of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons so they are...
electrically neutral!!!!
+5 + (-5) = ???
+5 + (-5) = 0
79 P
79 E
118 N
Gold

9. An element is one or more atoms of the same type.
It cannot be broken down into a simpler substances
Ex: Oxygen, Hydrogen, Iron…
gold
aluminum

10. Ex: Gold has 79 protons no matter what
Atoms of different elements differ in the number of protons they have. The proton # never varies.
26 P
26 E
30 N
Iron
50 P
50 E
69 N
Tin
79 P
79 E
118 N
Gold
Ex: Gold has 79 protons no matter what
Aluminum
13 P
13 E
14 N

12. A molecule is two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Hydrogen

13. A compound is made of 2 or more different elements bonded together in a certain ratio. Ex: H20
water (H2O)
-carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) O H _ + O C O

14. O O All compounds are molecules NOT all molecules are compounds Ex: O2
* Remember compounds are composed of 2 different elements

15. Atoms Positive charge Proton # identifies element
Nucleus: most mass of atom
No electrical charge
Neutron
About same size as proton
Atom: smallest basic unit of matter
Is surrounded by
Negative charge
Electrons
# equals # of protons
Cloud: most volume of atom
Forms chemical bonds
Inner level only 2 Protons
Energy Levels
Other levels up to 8 Protons
Tries to fill outer level

16. HOMEWORK
On pg. 10 please create a double bubble map comparing and contrasting compounds and molecules.
Compounds
molecules

17. Both involve bonding atoms
Double-bubble map comparing and contrasting compounds and molecules
Atoms held together by covalent bonds
Both involve bonding atoms
Involve two or more different elements
Compounds
molecules
molecules
Atoms in both
Not all molecules are compounds

18. Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 13 The topic or heading will always be at the top of the Powerpoint. Include the # Ex: 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Essential Question: How do ions form? Compare Ionic and Covalent bonding. Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
How do Ions form? Compare Ionic and covalent bonding.

19. Q: Because all atoms are made of the same types of particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons), what difference among atoms makes one element different from other elements?
Aluminum Iron Tin
A: Atoms of different elements differ in the number of protons they have.

20. Understanding how an ion forms ionic bonds and covalent bonds is important because ions play large roles in organisms.
They are important in all biological processes. A few examples are:
They play a role in muscle contraction and cell shape
Chloride (Cl-) is a chemical the human body needs for metabolism (the process of turning food into energy)
Calcium ions (Ca2+) are necessary for every muscle movement in your body

21. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons (-)+
11 P (+)
10 E (-)
17 P (+)
18 E (-)
11 p
17 p

22. -
Positive Ions: If an atom has few electrons in its outer energy levels it tends to lose those electrons and become a POSITIVELY charged ion
Negative Ions: If an atom has a nearly full outer energy level it tends to gain electrons and become a NEGATIVELY charged ion
Energy level

23. *An ion forms because an atom is more stable when its outermost energy level is full.

24. *An ion forms because an atom is more stable when its outermost energy level is full.

25. Ionic bonds form between oppositely charged ions. Dissolve in H2O.
“Opposites Attract!!!!”
Now we have salt!!!!

26. H2O covalent bonds Share electrons in outer energy level
Can have multiple bonds
Strong bonds
covalent
covalent
H2O
Aka
Water!
Hydrogen

27. CLASSWORK
On pg. 13 create a double bubble map comparing and contrasting ionic bonds and covalent bonds.
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds

28. Double bubble map comparing and contrasting ionic bonds and covalent bonds
Bonds ions
Form between oppositely charged ions
Share electrons
bonding
Covalent Bonds
Ionic Bonds
Bond atoms
Dissolve in H2O
Strong Bond

29. Under the picture of the positive and negative ion- Please title it
Turn to pg. 12 of your I.N.B
Under the picture of the positive and negative ion- Please title it
“Science Matters”
“Science Matters”

30. “Science Matters”
Draw the atoms that are described below. Remember what you have learned about where each one of the particles are located in an atom. Use red for protons, black for neutrons, and blue for electrons.
1. Nitrogen:
Protons: 7
Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 7

31. “Science Matters”
Draw the atoms that are described below. Remember what you have learned about where each one of the particles are located in an atom. Use red for protons, black for neutrons, and blue for electrons.
1. Nitrogen:
Protons: 7
Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 7

32. Complete “Science Matters” worksheet 3 Atom pictures
Classwork
Complete “Science Matters” worksheet
3 Atom pictures
10 multiple choice questions
Write the ? and the answer
When you are done you are to work on your summaries for 2.1 (you need 2) and complete any unfinished double-bubble maps
Questions (4-6)
Table of Contents complete