2. Cultural Integration © Karen Devine 2010

3. Cultural Integration Australia is a nation formed by migrants. Australia is a nation formed by migrants. The first migrants to Australia were the Aborigines. The first migrants to Australia were the Aborigines. They are said to have walked across the “land bridge” from PNG during the time when all the continents were joined, some 50,000 years ago. They are said to have walked across the “land bridge” from PNG during the time when all the continents were joined, some 50,000 years ago. © Karen Devine 2010

4. Cultural Integration The second major “wave” of migrants occurred during the convict era of 1788. The second major “wave” of migrants occurred during the convict era of 1788. © Karen Devine 2010

5. Cultural Integration The other major periods of migration include: The other major periods of migration include: a) free settlers (1800’s) b) the Gold Rush period (1850’s) c) the Kanakas era d) the era of the White Australia Policy (1900- 1973) e) After WWI f) After WWII (“Populate or Perish”) g) Refugee period in the 1970’s © Karen Devine 2010

6. Cultural Integration Under the White Australia Policy, Australia’s immigration focused on excluding non-European migrants. Under the White Australia Policy, Australia’s immigration focused on excluding non-European migrants. The White Australia Policy ended in 1973 with the policy of multiculturalism. The White Australia Policy ended in 1973 with the policy of multiculturalism. © Karen Devine 2010

7. Cultural Integration Multiculturalism has allowed an influx of migrants from nearly 200 nations. Multiculturalism has allowed an influx of migrants from nearly 200 nations. © Karen Devine 2010

8. Cultural Integration Migration is the main method of growing Australia’s population. Migration is the main method of growing Australia’s population. Australia is one of the few global societies which demonstrates a successful policy of integration and multiculturalism. Australia is one of the few global societies which demonstrates a successful policy of integration and multiculturalism. © Karen Devine 2010

9. Cultural Integration Australia is seen to be united in its diversity. Australia is seen to be united in its diversity. ie: the one main element we have in common is our differences. ie: the one main element we have in common is our differences. © Karen Devine 2010

10. Cultural Integration Nevertheless, Australia still has a predominately Anglo- Celtic face and most migrants are still from the UK and New Zealand. Nevertheless, Australia still has a predominately Anglo- Celtic face and most migrants are still from the UK and New Zealand. Our main religious affiliation is Christian. Our main religious affiliation is Christian. © Karen Devine 2010

11. Cultural Integration Australia’s multicultural community generally: Australia’s multicultural community generally: a) speaks English b) is multi-lingual c) practices many religions d) initially settle in ethnic enclaves. © Karen Devine 2010

12. Pause Time? Ethnic enclaves in Australia. Ethnic enclaves in Australia. Play Today Tonight Report. Play Today Tonight Report. Play Today Tonight Report. Play Today Tonight Report. Write a report outlining the pros and cons of enclaves. Write a report outlining the pros and cons of enclaves. © Karen Devine 2010