1. The Filed of Communication1 Lesson Objectives (Focus Questions)  Why study communication?  How long has the field existed?  How the field evolved over time?  How research conducted?  How to define?  What process and skills?  What are “two levels” of meaning?  What careers?

2. The Filed of Communication2 What Mike Does in a Day…  E-Mail vs. Communication in Person  Individual vs. Team  Creating “Climate”  Planning Interviews  Date (Relationship)  Speech to a Group

3. The Filed of Communication3 Importance of Communication  We talk, listen, think, ask, answer, share ideas… So much communication in a day.  Personal Life Building Personal Identity Building Personal Identity Promoting Health Promoting Health  Personal Relationships Marriage Marriage Family, Parent-child, Friends,… Family, Parent-child, Friends,…

4. The Filed of Communication4 Importance of Communication (2)  Professional Life Critical for Career Success (Talk & Listen) Critical for Career Success (Talk & Listen) Express Ideas, Giving & Gaining Support, Gaining CooperationExpress Ideas, Giving & Gaining Support, Gaining Cooperation  Civic Life For the the Health of Society For the the Health of Society Required for Democracy Required for Democracy Expressing Ideas, Claiming, Presenting & Listen to ArgumentExpressing Ideas, Claiming, Presenting & Listen to Argument

5. The Filed of Communication5 History of the Field  Began more than 2500 yrs ago  Rhetoric and Democratic Life Rhetoric born mid-400s B.C. on Isle of Syracuse Rhetoric born mid-400s B.C. on Isle of Syracuse Ancient Philosophers-Plato, Aristotle & Isocrates: Ancient Philosophers-Plato, Aristotle & Isocrates: Rhetoric as Central to Civic LifeRhetoric as Central to Civic Life Teaching Citizens: Analyze Listeners, Discover Ideas, Organize Messages, Develop Proof, and Deliver SpeechesTeaching Citizens: Analyze Listeners, Discover Ideas, Organize Messages, Develop Proof, and Deliver Speeches Aristotle’s 3 Cornerstones of Persuasion: Ethos, Pathos, Logos (see p. 22)Aristotle’s 3 Cornerstones of Persuasion: Ethos, Pathos, Logos (see p. 22) Ethos: speaker’s credibility Ethos: speaker’s credibility Pathos: listener’s emotion Pathos: listener’s emotion Logos: proofs and reasoning Logos: proofs and reasoning

6. The Filed of Communication6 History of the Field (2)  Liberal Education Public speaking taught in colleges (Europe & U.S) Public speaking taught in colleges (Europe & U.S) Dewey: Progressive thinking and citizen participation Dewey: Progressive thinking and citizen participation  After WW I & II Social Issues: Prejudice, Propaganda, Attitude & Belief Changes Social Issues: Prejudice, Propaganda, Attitude & Belief Changes

7. The Filed of Communication7 History of the Field (3)  Mid- 20 th Century Scientific, empirical research gaining prominence Scientific, empirical research gaining prominence Research & Professional Groups Research & Professional Groups  1960-70 Civil Rights, Women’s Movement, Interpersonal Communication Civil Rights, Women’s Movement, Interpersonal Communication  Michel Foucault (French) Ideas about “Power” Ideas about “Power”

8. The Filed of Communication8 Research in Communication  Quantitative Research Descriptive Statistics, Survey, Experiment Descriptive Statistics, Survey, Experiment  Qualitative Research Looking into meaning, function… Looking into meaning, function… Textual Analysis, Ethnography, Historical Study Textual Analysis, Ethnography, Historical Study  Critical Research Identify & Challenge Communication Practices Identify & Challenge Communication Practices To Advance Social Awareness To Advance Social Awareness

9. The Filed of Communication9 Defining Communication  Communication as “a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings”  Features Process: dynamic and ever-changing Process: dynamic and ever-changing Systemic: interrelated parts, context, surroundings Systemic: interrelated parts, context, surroundings Symbolic: abstract, arbitrary, ambiguous representations Symbolic: abstract, arbitrary, ambiguous representations Meanings: created by symbols through interactions Meanings: created by symbols through interactions Content level of meaningContent level of meaning Relationship level of meaningRelationship level of meaning

10. The Filed of Communication10 Models of Communication  Linear Models (p. 23) Laswell (1948): Who Says What in What Channel to Whom with What Effect? Laswell (1948): Who Says What in What Channel to Whom with What Effect? Shannon & Weaver (1949): “Noise” introduced Shannon & Weaver (1949): “Noise” introduced  Interactive Models (p. 24) Schramm (1955): “Feedback” added Schramm (1955): “Feedback” added  Transactional Models (p. 25) Wood (1997): Non-sequential, simultaneous, changing over time Wood (1997): Non-sequential, simultaneous, changing over time

11. The Filed of Communication11 Breadth of the Field  Intrapersonal Communication: self-talk, “thinking” self-talk, “thinking”  Interpersonal Communication: between people between people  Performance Studies performing personal, professional, social identities performing personal, professional, social identities  Group & Team Communication: leadership, roles, group goals, cohesion (fantasy themes) leadership, roles, group goals, cohesion (fantasy themes)

12. The Filed of Communication12 Breadth of the Field (2)  Public Communication: speak to others, credibility, persuasion speak to others, credibility, persuasion  Organizational Communication: leadership, commitment, decision making, organizational culture leadership, commitment, decision making, organizational culture  Mass Communication media, stereotypes media, stereotypes

13. The Filed of Communication13 Breadth of the Field (3)  Technologies of Communication human community, information & knowledge human community, information & knowledge  Intercultural Communication meanings & cultures meanings & cultures  Ethics and Communication relationships, rights, moral principles relationships, rights, moral principles

14. The Filed of Communication14 Unifying Themes and Processes in the Field  Unifying Themes Symbolic activities Symbolic activities Meaning Meaning Ethics Ethics  Basic Processes Perceiving & Understanding Perceiving & Understanding Creating Interaction Climates Creating Interaction Climates Engaging in Verbal Communication Engaging in Verbal Communication Engaging in Non-verbal Communication Engaging in Non-verbal Communication Listening & Responding Listening & Responding Adapting to Contexts Adapting to Contexts

15. The Filed of Communication15 Careers in Communication  Research  Education  Mass Communication  Training & Consulting  Human Relations, Human Development & Management