1. MT 1 LT 3: The effects of historical documents and philosophers on future peoples, nations and governments and revolutions? Essential questions: How did the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights and the ideas/belief of the Enlightenment thinkers affect the revolution in America? How did the ideas/beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers influence the American Constitution & US Bill of Rights? How did the ideas/beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers and the American Revolution influence the Revolutions in France and Latin America?

2. Review Time: Important Documents (Shouldn’t need to write down as you already have these notes…right???) The Magna CartaThe English Bill of Rights ~Created 25 guys to watch king ~People’s property is protected from being taken over ~People can not go to jail without being charged with a crime ~Permission needed to raise taxes ~Took almost all the King’s power away ~More rights protected -Freedom of speech -No army in peace time -Right to free elections -No excessive fines -No cruel and unusual punishment

3. Review Time: Important Enlightenment Ideas (Shouldn’t need to write down as you already have these notes…right???) John LockeMontesquieuRousseau ~Everyone has rights Natural Rights – Life, liberty, and own property ~Government gets its power from the people ~If a government doesn’t protect the peoples rights it can be overthrown!!! Separation of power ~When one person or group has all the power, then it becomes corrupt = violates people’s rights ~Separate a governments power up to keep it from being corrupt ~People are good, so they should create their own laws ~People should elect representatives to run the gov. for them

4. The 13 Colonies (What would later be the United States of America) Take notes!! Background on 13 colonies ~13 colonies (America) were controlled/run/governed by England ~13 colonies were not happy ~Complaints 13 colonies had against England -Taxes too high and too many new taxes Laws unfair -They have no say in the government/laws created -England will not listen to them and make changes -Soldiers lived in their homes (instead of barracks) -They didn’t have freedom of speech -Soldiers took their property away -People arrested without being charged

5. It’s a Revolution I suppose… The American Revolution ~England and the USA go to war ~War lasted 8 years ~USA wins freedom1783 ~4 years later US Constitution is created -Our current government!

6. The Declaration of Independence We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, -- That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government…

7. The Declaration of Independence videos…  History.com History.com

8. When you are done with the handout, complete the following… CausesEventLasting Effects The American Revolution

9. United States Constitution 101 MT 1 LT 3: The effects of historical documents and philosophers on future peoples, nations and governments and revolutions? Essential questions: How did the ideas/beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers influence the American Constitution & US Bill of Rights?

10. What is the US Constitution? supreme law The supreme law of the United States. United States of America Federal Government It is the foundation and source of the legal authority underlying the existence of the United States of America and the Federal Government of the United States. James Madison is considered “the father of the Constitution.” It provides the framework for the organization of the United States Government.

11. Why was it written? Articles of Confederation After the Revolutionary War, the Articles of Confederation set up the structure of the US Government. The federal government was extremely weak and this created many problems such as:(Pick 3) 1.No separation of powers – only unicameral legislature. 2.Weak central government – states had most power. 3.Congress did not have the power to tax – this means they could not get their finances in order.

12. What are the basic principles of the Constitution? Popular Sovereignty – Government power resides in the people (John Locke, Rousseau) Limited government – Government is not all powerful, can only do what the people let it. Separation of Powers (Montesquieu) – Helps prevent one branch from becoming too powerful – Checks and Balances Federalism – Division of power among national and state governments

13. What were the important outcomes of the Constitutional Convention Great Compromise: – Hybrid of VA and NJ Plans: Bicameral legislature: – House of Reps based on population – Senate based upon equal representation – Three-Fifth’s Clause: Slaves count as 3/5’s of a person for representation purposes & taxes. Federalists: – Supported the Constitution and a strong central government – Federalist Papers – series of articles written in defense of the Constitution Anti-Federalists: – Supported a weaker central government – felt too much power was taken away from the states. – Opposed the Constitution – Wanted a Bill of Rights included to protect certain rights.

14. Influences of Ideas and Philosophers

15. Separation of Powers Article I: Legislative BranchArticle II: Executive BranchArticle III: Judicial Branch Bicameral Congress: ~Senate 2 Senators for each state ~House of Representatives based on population ~Reps serve for 2 year terms ~Senators serve for 6 year terms ~Important Powers: Make laws Set taxes Declare war Override Vetoes Borrow money ~President and Vice President are elected to 4 year terms ~Qualifications: ~At least 35 years old ~14 year resident of the US Natural born citizen ~Elected by the Electoral College Important powers: -Commander-in-Chief -Grant pardons -Appoint federal officers -Ensure laws are executed ~Supreme Court judges serve for life unless impeached. ~Judicial power rests with US Supreme Court and other courts created by Congress ~Important Powers: Decides cases of Constitutional law and federal law Cases involving ambassadors go straight to Supreme Court

16. What are the Checks and Balances?

17. Structure of the Constitution (Just copy Bolded) Preamble: – Statement of purpose Articles: – I: Legislative Branch – II: Executive Branch – III: Judicial Branch – IV: Relations Among the States – V: Amendment Process – VI: Federal Power – VII: Ratification Amendments: – 27 Total – 1 st ten are the Bill of Rights

18. Important Amendments: Bill of Rights (Sound familiar? Pick 4 to know.) 1.Freedom of religion, of speech, of the press, to assemble, and to petition 2.Right to bear arms 3.No housing of soldiers 4.No unreasonable search and seizure 5.Indictments; Due process; Self-incrimination; Double jeopardy, and rules for Eminent Domain. 6.Right to a fair and speedy public trial, Notice of accusations, Confronting one's accuser, Subpoenas, Right to counsel 7.Right to trial by jury in civil cases 8.No excessive bail & fines or cruel & unusual punishment 9.There are other rights not written in the Constitution 10.All rights not given to Federal Government belong to states and people.

19. Other Important Amendments: Reconstruction Amendments 13 th Amendment – abolished slavery 14 th Amendment – Due process and equal protection under the law – All persons born in US are citizens 15 th Amendment – Right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous servitude 18th Amendment Prohibition of alcohol 19 th Amendment: Women’s suffrage 21 st Amendment: Repeals prohibition 22 nd Amendment: Presidential term limits 24 th Amendment: Prohibits poll taxes for voting 26 th Amendment: lowers voting age to 18

20. Complete the following chart after finishing handouts 4 and 5. Magna Carta (1215) The ENGLISH Bill of Rights (1689) John LockeMontesquieuRousseau The Declaration of Independence (1776) Constitution of the United States U.S.A Bill of Rights

21. MT 1 LT 3: The effects of historical documents and philosophers on future peoples, nations and governments and revolutions? Essential Question?: – How did the ideas/beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers and the American Revolution influence the Revolutions in France and Latin America?

22. We have learned that events and ideas can influence future events in different countries. Historical events and documents Events committed by the British against the colonies American Revolution

23. Prediction time What ideas could influence other people to rebel? ~ What events could influence people to rebel? ~

24. American Revolution Enlightenment Ideas Other Revolutions Influenced