1. Water Pollution + Water Treatment

2. Warm-up  Write a homework reminder!  Update your Table of Contents!  Discuss with your table partner: What is the difference between water availability and water sustainability? DateSession # ActivityPage # 5/5 & 5/6 4Water Pollution & Water Treatment Notes5

3. Remember???  WATER AVAILABILITY – Do people have clean, usable water available to them in a particular area? The average distance that women in developing countries walk to collect water per day is four miles and the average weight that women carry on their heads is approximately 44 pounds.

4. Remember???  WATER SUSTAINABILITY – The conservation of water now to ensure that there will be enough usable water for future generations. An American taking a five-minute shower uses more water than a typical person in a developing country slum uses in a whole day

5.  You know water can be healthy or unhealthy… But how does it get this way???

6. What is Water Pollution?  Pollutant – The addition of any substance that damages the water quality and makes it dangerous to drink or use for everyday life.

7. Where do these pollutants come from?  Factories  Farms  Households What do they each contribute to the pollution problem?

8. Types of Pollutants in the Water  Biodegradable Waste  Fertilizers/Pesticides  Heat  Sediments  Chemicals  Bacteria/Viruses – Medical Waste Any other examples?

9. How do these pollutants get into the water?

10. There are 2 ways pollutants get into the water:  POINT SOURCE POLLUTION  NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION

11. Point Source Pollution  Pollution that comes from a single identifiable source that directly enters the water  Examples:  Oil spilling from a tanker into the ocean  A paper mill pouring chemicals into a stream

12. Non- Point Source Pollution  Pollution that comes from many places OR sources that are not easily identified and eventually gets to the water. (RUN-OFF)  Examples:  Pesticides from a farm  Oil and trash from city streets run off into sewer that dumps into nearby lake

13. Pollution Protest !!!  You will be given an example of either Point or Non-Point Source Pollution.  Raise your sign when I tell you to protest which type of pollution you think is correct!

14. Point or Non-Point?  Smokestack at local factory

15. Point or Non-Point?  Oil spilling from a tanker

16. Point or Non-Point?  Irrigation from farms washes soil and sediment into a river

17. Point or Non-Point?  Sewer pipe draining human waste into the ocean

18. Point or Non-Point?  A vent releases smoke with highly toxic chemicals at an automobile plant

19. Point or Non-Point?  Sediment washed into the river from a construction site

20. Point or Non-Point?  Small fire burning in a landfill; water from fighting the fire will move downhill to the nearest water source…

21. Point or Non-Point?  Battery acid leaks from cars onto the parking lot and is followed by a big rain storm

22. Point or Non-Point?  The heavy metal lead flows from cars exhaust pipes and into the atmosphere

23. Point or Non-Point?  Sludge from a chemical plant flows into a stream

24. Point or Non-Point?  Pesticides from a garden drain during a rain storm into a local pond

25. Point or Non-Point?  Factory that produces plastic storage containers dumps liquid wastes into a nearby river

26. Point or Non-Point?  Fumes from a steel mill are released into a forest

27. Point or Non-Point?  A deadly bacteria from cow waste makes its way into a nearby drainage ditch

28. Point or Non-Point?  A dangerous acid enters the atmosphere from a coal mine in West Virginia

29.  What is in place to prevent water pollution?

30. What is the government doing to protect our water?  Clean Water Act  Protects surface waters only, such as lakes and rivers  Provides money for the construction and maintenance of wastewater treatment plants  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)  Sets and enforces standards for wastewater that is released into lakes or streams by industry and local governments

31.  What can YOU do to protect our water? What can you

32. What can YOU do to protect our water?  Stewardship:  YOUR own personal role in caring for Earth’s waters

33. If our water is polluted…  How do we make water safe to drink and use for everyday life?  What needs to be taken out before we can use it?

34. Wastewater Treatment

35.  Wastewater The dirty water that runs down our drains & sewers that must be cleaned before it can go into lakes, rivers, etc. or be reused.

36. “ The Sparkling Water Story”  Listen and follow along as you see firsthand how we impact the cleanliness of our water everyday!

37. Sparking Water Story Part 1  Darin wakes up bright and early to start his day. Since it’s Saturday, it’s his turn to water his mom’s plants. So, Darin grabs the plants & carries them to the sink. He is not paying attention because he is watching cartoons at the same time. He puts too much water on the plants causing the pot to overflow and spill soil into the sink. He quickly rinses it down the drain so he doesn’t get into trouble, and then runs off to watch his cartoons.

38. Sparkling Water Story Part 1  Dad has managed to get the coffee started and when it is done Dad pours a cup of coffee for himself and a cup for Mom; then goes to read the paper. Mom appreciates his effort but sighs as she realizes he didn’t take the coffee grounds out of the coffee maker and throw them away. She removes them but sees the garbage is full. “It wont hurt to put these down the sink,” she says to herself.

39. Sparkling Water Story Part 1  As mom throws the coffee grounds down the drain she realizes that the garbage disposal smells bad and decides to put a little lemon juice and baking soda in the drain to clean the disposal.

40. Sparkling Water Story Part 1  Becky walks into the kitchen and decides to try to make homemade biscuits for breakfast, but she burns them. Nobody wants to eat the dry, burned biscuits. Darin excuses himself to the bathroom where he flushes his food away. Mom rushes to do the dishes and “accidentally” drops her biscuits down the drain and turns on the water and garbage disposal.

41. Sparkling Water Story Part 2  The family’s day continues as Dad and Darin go outside to wash the car. They spray the car down, soap it up, and rinse it off. The soapy water runs down the driveway into the storm drain.

42. Sparkling Water Story Part 2  Darin notices that the car has been leaking motor oil, so he decides to spray down the driveway. He sprays and sprays, until he is convinced that he has gotten all of the motor oil off and just a stain remains. The motor oil runs into the storm drain.

43. Sparkling Water Story Part 2  Mom and Becky are now outside taking care of Mom’s garden. Mom is spraying the plants down with pesticides so that insects and animals don’t eat them. Becky is sprinkling fertilizer on the plants to make sure that they grow. Darin thinks to himself, “Well, I’m going to help them out and water the garden.” Darin sprays the hose over the plants. Mom screams for him to stop, but its too late, all of the fertilizer and pesticide has been rinsed off, and it too eventually makes it’s way to the storm drain.

44. Filtration Lab: Roles  Filtration Engineer – creates the “blue print” for your system with input from group members  Supply Management Technician – responsible for supplies & clean up (others help them!!!!)  Scribe – Responsible for leading the discussion, filling out the lab questions for your group & turning them in  Chemist – responsible for testing the pH of your water before and after filtration

45. Filtration Lab: Create your own filtration system!!  Use the whiteboard to create a detailed plan that includes step by step instructions and diagram as to how each item in your kit will be used…  Please show me your plan BEFORE I allow your supply management technician to get water!

46. Filtration Lab Clean-Up:  Any large chunks or particles can go back into the main tank or in the garbage, ONLY clear water can go down the drain at your assigned sink  GARBAGE: Cups, used coffee filters, & used pH paper can go straight in the garbage  WASH: Other supplies need to be rinsed and dried – conserve the good paper towel!!  RETURNED BIN SHOULD HAVE: Marker, metal screen, plastic strainer, pH paper tube, spoon, pipette  LAB QUESTIONS SHOULD BE IN THE BASKET!

47.  Steps to the Wastewater Treatment Cycle

48. Step 1. Coagulation  Coagulation: Chemicals are added so that waste particles stick together into “floc,” so they can easily be removed.  “Stick & Scoop” step

49. Step 2. Sedimentation  Sedimentation: The heavy particles settle to the bottom and the clear water moves on

50. Step 3. Filtration  Filtration: The water passes through filters made of different materials

51. Step 4. Disinfection  Disinfection: A small amount of chemicals are added to kill bacteria (usually chlorine)

52. Step 5. Storage  Storage: Water is stored in a closed tank to be used by the community

53. Wastewater Treatment Wastewater Treatment Process: http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=tuYB8nMFx QA But what happens when your city doesn’t have a proper sewer system?

54. Toxic Water: The Sewers of Mexico City  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= 3a_4YhxN2vo&feature=fvst http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= 3a_4YhxN2vo&feature=fvst