2. POET The poet is the author of the poem. SPEAKER The speaker of the poem is the narrator of the poem. POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY

4. LINE - a group of words together on one line of the poem STANZA - a group of lines arranged together A word is dead When it is said, Some say. I say it just Begins to live That day. STRUCTURE

6. Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds. LAMP STAMP á Share the short “a” vowel sound á Share the combined “mp” consonant sound RHYME

7. A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line Hector the Collector Collected bits of string. Collected dolls with broken heads And rusty bells that would not ring. END RHYME

8. A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary. From “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe INTERNAL RHYME

9. A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always). Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. RHYME SCHEME Hector the Collector A Collected bits of string. B Collected dolls with broken headsC And rusty bells that would not ring.B

11. Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of words If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick? ALLITERATION

12. Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry. (Often creates near rhyme.) Lake Fate Base Fade (All share the long “a” sound.) ASSONANCE

13. Examples of ASSONANCE: “Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.” -John Masefield “Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.” - William Shakespeare ASSONANCE CONT.

14. the formation of a word from a sound the use of onomatopoeia for rhetorical effect (the art of language). ONOMATOPOEIA “Onomatopoeia Poem” By Lee Emmett water plops into pond splish-splash downhill warbling magpies in tree trilling, melodic thrill Read more at http://examples.yourdictionary.com/ 5-examples-of- onomatopoeia.html#eJVquygTXj5W 8uYw.99 http://examples.yourdictionary.com/ 5-examples-of- onomatopoeia.html#eJVquygTXj5W 8uYw.99

16. A short poem Usually written in first person point of view Expresses an emotion or an idea or describes a scene Does NOT tell a story Often sounds musical LYRIC Examples of Lyric Poems: “Annabel Lee” By Edgar Allen Poe “Sonnet 18: Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day?” By William Shakespeare

17. A poem that tells a story. Originally meant to be sung. Examples of Ballads: “The Highwayman” By Alfred Noyes Many songs by Taylor Swift are ballads. BALLAD

18. Unlike metered poetry, free verse poetry may NOT rhyme. Free verse poetry is conversational - sounds like someone talking with you. A modern type of poetry. Examples of Free Verse: “Freedom of Free Verse” By Elandra Poindexter “Severe Weather” By Dorian Petersen Potter FREE VERSE

19. A poem that deals with serious themes, such as justice, truth, or beauty. Example of an Odes: “Ode to a Nightingale” By John Keats “Ode to My Locker” By Jana Ghossein ODE

20. A poem that tells a story. Generally longer than the lyric poetry because the poet needs to establish characters and a plot. Examples of Narrative Poems: “The Raven” By Edgar Allen Poe “Casey at the Bat” By Ernest Lawrence Thayer NARRATIVE POEMS

21. A poem that tells a story. Can be VERY VERY long. Many stanzas. Example of Epic Poem “The Odyssey” By Homer (yes, this is Spark Notes, and you will so love it!) EPIC POEMS

23. Something not human given human-like qualities or an object given life-like qualities. Example of Personification in Poetry: “Take a Poem to Lunch” By Denise Rodgers PERSONIFICATION

24. A comparison of two things using “like” or “as.” SIMILE “Simile Poem” By Denise Rodgers Your teeth are like stars; They come out at night. They come back at dawn When they’re ready to bite. Read more at http://examples.yourdictionary.com/exa mples-of-simile- poems.html#S2CA07l9uup6cHaz.99 http://examples.yourdictionary.com/exa mples-of-simile- poems.html#S2CA07l9uup6cHaz.99

25. A direct comparison of two unlike things without using “like” or “as.” DIRECT METAPHOR “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely players.” - William Shakespeare

26. The comparison is hinted at but not clearly stated. IMPLIED METAPHOR “The poison sacs of the town began to manufacture venom, and the town swelled and puffed with the pressure of it.” from The Pearl By John Steinbeck

27. Exaggeration often used for emphasis. Find more of these hyperbole poems at http://www.mywordwiza rd.com/hyperbole- poems.html HYPERBOLE “Appetite” In a house the size of a postage stamp lived a man as big as a barge. His mouth could drink the entire river You could say it was rather large. For dinner he would eat a trillion beans And a silo full of grain, Washed it down with a tanker of milk As if he were a drain.

28. An expression common to a particular place or time. The meaning is not literal. Find more of these hyperbole poems at http://allpoetry.com/po em/9150185-Short- Poems--Idioms-by- Brenna-Lynn IDIOMS “Idiom Poems” by Brenna Lynn Actions Speak Louder Than Words: I asked my actions, In hushed tones, How loudly they could speak. I received no reply. All's Well, That Ends Well: When my day ended well, Nothing else seemed to be... I had regrets from earlier on, All was not at ease.

29. Allusion comes from the verb “allude” which means “to refer to.” An allusion is a reference to something famous. A tunnel walled and overlaid With dazzling crystal: we had read Of rare Aladdin’s wondrous cave, And to our own his name we gave. From “Snowbound” John Greenleaf Whittier ALLUSION

30. Language that appeals to the senses. Most images are visual, but they can also appeal to the senses of sound, touch, taste, or smell. IMAGERY then with cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather... from “Those Winter Sundays”

31. When a person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself. Also represents, or stands for, something else. Innocence America Peace SYMBOLISM