1. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 1 ODIN The First Year of

2. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 2 20 February 2001 – Launch from Svobodny, Russia Start-2

3. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 3 Bad Things First - Attitude Control System e.g. Pointing & Beam Offset < 10 arcsec - Cooler & Battery - Phase lock 572 GHz - Phase lock 119 GHz But Things Improved

4. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 4 ODIN - A SUB-MILLIMETRE SATELLITE FOR ASTRONOMY & AERONOMY 50/50

5. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 5 2 digital hybrid autocorrelators (AC) 1 acousto-optical spectrometer (AOS) 1 fixed + 4 tunable receivers

6. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 6 ODIN The First Year of SPECIAL ISSUE Letters - March 2003 ?

7. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 7 System/Topic Author et al. Odin Observatory L. Nordh Radiometer U. Frisk Calibrations M. Olberg Highlights Å. Hjalmarson

8. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 8 Molecule Source Isotope O 2 see next slide H 2 O W 3 Ori A H 2 18 O Comets H 2 18 O Galactic Centre H 2 18 O IRAS 16297 IC 443 NH 3  Oph A Ori A 15 NH 3 :

9. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 9 O 2 119 GHz Bad Things First 1 day1 min1 sec1 hr 1 K 0.1 K 0.01 K L. Pagani et al. (accepted)

10. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 10 Line = C 18 O Noise = O 2 L. Pagani et al.

11. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 11 Odin and SWAS and O 2

12. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 12  Oph A : Odin and SWAS and O 2 Odin: Pagani et al. 2003 SWAS: Goldsmith et al. 2002 T A (K) V lsr (km/s) Map Spectrum

13. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 13 Source X(O 2 ) TMC 1- NH 3 < 7.7 (-8) Ori A < 8.9 (-8) NGC 2071 < 1.5 (-7) L 134N - NH 3 < 1.7 (-7)  Oph A < 9.3 (-8) IRAS 16293 < 1.2 (-7) NGC 6334 I < 7.1 (-8) G0.26-0.01 < 7.6 (-7) M 17 SW < 5.7 (-7) S68 FIRS1 < 9.7 (-8) G34.3+0.2 <5.2 (-8) The Oxygen Desert by L. Pagani et al.

14. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 14 Odin DETECTIONS

15. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 15 A. Lecacheux et al. Comets

16. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 16 A. Lecacheux et al.

17. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 17 H 2 O H 2 18 O A. Lecacheux et al.

18. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 18 A. Lecacheux et al. H 2 O map

19. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 19 C. Wilson et al. Water in W3

20. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 20 C. Wilson et al. IRS 5 IRS 4 SWAS pointing

21. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 21 C. Wilson et al. IRS3 no red peak: add IRS3 to IRS5 => inverted asymmetry

22. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 22 Water toward the Galactic Centre CND +50 +20 Aa. Sanqvist et al. a b c

23. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 23 Water toward the Galactic Centre Sgr A* Circum Nuclear Disk Absorption Feature N(H 2 ) X(H 2 O) a 3 kpc arm3.2 10 21 > 2 10 -9 b -30 km/s arm9.0 10 20 > 1 10 -8 c local Sgr arm1.0 10 22 > 2 10 -9, < 5 10 -8 ( nd H 2 18 O) Aa. Sanqvist et al.

24. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 24 Water toward IRAS 16239-2422 Hjalmarson et al. Model parameters: Schöier et al. 2002 ALI: P. Bergmancentral absorption due to envelope

25. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 25 Water toward the Orion Molecular Cloud (0, 0) @ Ori KLA.O.H. & G. Olofsson et al. V lsr T

26. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 26 A.O.H. & G. Olofsson et al. Orion KL H 2 O 557 GHz Declination - Velocity

27. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 27 H 2 O & H 2 18 O in Ori KL A.O.H. & G. Olofsson et al. a = H 2 O observed b = H 2 18 O observed a´ – b difference

28. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 28 Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud Odin: B. Larsson et al. KAO: Keene et al. 1983 Bar: First NH 3 Detection

29. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 29 Map and Model Parameters: T. Wilson et al. 2001 CO (7- 6) 13´´ X o (NH 3 ) Ori KL Warm Gas: 4.5 10 -6 Outflow: 6 10 -7 Ori S: 3 10 -7 Odin 2´ B. Larsson et al. Orion Bar X(NH 3 ) = 5 10 -9 (o/p = 1) Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud

30. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 30 NH 3 without Phase Lock ? Telluric Ozone Line Low mixer current rms = 0.3 chnl. = 0.1 km/s Larsson et al. and Liseau et al.

31. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 31 Ammonia toward Molecular Clouds Odin: R. Liseau et al. KAO: Keene et al. 1983 DC: First NH 3 Detection Other Sources: NGC 1333 S 140 DR 21 (OH) W 3 W 3 (OH) No Detections

32. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 32 NH 3 toward the dense core  Oph A R. Liseau et al.

33. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 33 (a) C 17 O column density N(H 2 ) = (0.5 – 1.3) 10 23 cm -2 [5 – 50 K] volume density n(H 2 ) = (0.4 – 1.0) 10 5 cm -3 (b) CH 3 O kinetic gas temperature T k = 20 K X(CH 3 OH) = 3 10 -9 X E /X A = 0.89 (a & b) ammonia abundance X(NH 3 ) = 8 10 -10 Data: C 17 OLovas 1992, Chandra et al. 1996, Encrenaz et al. 1974 CH 3 OHPickett et al. 1998, Pottage et al. 2001, 2002 A-states: Pei et al. 1988, E-states: this work NH 3 Cohen & Poynter 1974, Poynter & Kakar 1975, this work Danby et al. 1988  Oph A NH 3 (1 0 - 0 0 ) R. Liseau et al. Consistency Checks: (1 1 – 1 1 ) (2 2 – 2 2 ) Zeng et al. 1984 (2 2 – 2 2 ) (3 3 – 3 3 ) Wootten et al. 1994 (1 0 – 0 0 ) ortho Tex = 6.5 K  0 = 4.6 (1 1 – 1 1 ) para 11.8 0.10 (2 2 – 2 2 ) para 21.7 0.012 (3 3 – 3 3 ) ortho -5.2 -0.005

34. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 34 and Herschel-HIFI present Model Ammonia and Methanol  Oph A

35. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 35 20 February 2001 Svobodny Russia

36. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 36 THE END BUT NOT FOR ODIN

37. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 37 Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud 15 NH 3 and u-line ?

38. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 38 Ammonia toward the Orion Molecular Cloud 15 NH 3 and u-line ?

39. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 39 NH 3 (1 0 – 0 0 ) phase lock and frequency scale: Orion

40. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 40

41. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 41 THE ODIN SPACECRAFT  Launch : 2001 on Start-1 (Svobodny, Russia)  Orbit: circular synchronous (620 km, ascending node @ 18:00)  Lifetime: 2 yr (minimum) Platform : 3-axis stabilised w. reaction wheels, star trackers & gyros Mass: 250 kg ( Bus: 170 kg, Payload: 80 kg) Height: 2.0 m Width: 3.8 m (1.1 m stowed) Power: 340 W (deployable, fixed solar arrays) Communication: Esrange, Sweden ( > 720 kbit/s) Data Storage: solid state memory ( > 100 Mbyte)  Telescope : 1.1 m offset Gregorian  Pointing: 15 arcsec (staring), (1.2 arcmin scanning: aeronomy)  Surface: 8  m primary, 5  m secondary (rms)  Material: CFRP skins on honeycomb

42. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 42 THE ODIN RADIOMETER

43. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 43 ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS Front-Ends Schottky diodes (120 K, Stirling cooled) 480 - 580 GHz: 4 tunable receivers (17 GHz)  System Noise Temperature: 2300 K (SSB) 119 GHz: 1 fixed receiver (InP HEMT)  System Noise Temperature: 500 K (SSB) Back-Ends 2 digital hybrid autocorrelators (HAC) 1 acousto-optical spectrometer (AOS) (3 filters - 40 MHz: aeronomy)

44. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 44 ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHzA1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz Spectrometer: Bandwidth - Resolution AOS : 1000 MHz - 1 MHz Correlators : 4 x 200 MHz - 1 MHz 4 x 100 MHz - 500 kHz 2 x 100 MHz - 250 kHz 1 x 100 MHz - 125 kHz (0.07 km s -1 @ 557 GHz)

45. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 45 ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHzA1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz O2O2 H 2 O 557 NH 3 O2O2 [C I] ( 3 P 1 - 3 P 0 ) 492 CO (5-4) 576 572 487 119 C 18 O (5-4) 549 13 CO (5-4) 551 H 2 18 O 548 H 2 17 O 552 CS 490 HDO 490 HD 18 O 493, 502 [ 13 C I] ( 3 P 1 - 3 P 0 ) 492 (F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)

46. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 46 ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHzA1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz O2O2 H 2 O 557 NH 3 O2O2 [C I] ( 3 P 1 - 3 P 0 ) 492 CO (5-4) 576 572 487 119 C 18 O (5-4) 549 13 CO (5-4) 551 H 2 18 O 548 H 2 17 O 552 SWAS [ 13 C I] ( 3 P 1 - 3 P 0 ) 492 (F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)

47. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 47 ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHzA1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz H 2 O 557 NH 3 O2O2 572 487 FIRST - HIFI BAND 1 480 GHz___________________________________640 GHz

48. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 48 LOW-LYING LEVELS OF O 2 & NH 3

49. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 49 NH 3 ENERGY LEVELS Transition E/k  A (J,K) - (J,K) (K) (GHz) (  m) (s -1 ) (1,0) - (0,0) 29 572 524 1.6 10 -3 (1,1) 24 241.3 10 4 1.7 10 -7 (2,2) 65 241.3 10 4 2.3 10 -7 (2,0) - (1,0) 87 1215 247 1.2 10 -2 (2,1) s - (1,1) a 82 1215 247 1.4 10 -2 (2,1) a - (1,1) s 80 1168 257 1.2 10 -2 SWAS gave little o-H 2 O, so what about o-NH 3 ?

50. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 50 + HIGH-LYING LEVELS OF H 2 O & HDO

51. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 51 TELESCOPE BEAMS SWAS 553 GHz 3.’3 x 4.’5 FIRST 557 GHz 39’’ ODIN 557 GHz 2.’1 ISO 1670 GHz 80’’ FIRST 1670 GHz 13’’

52. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 52 Water toward IC 443 Hjalmarson et al.

53. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 53

54. Herschel-HIFI Consortium Leiden 16 - 18 December 2002, page: 54