1. Islamic Achievement & Influence
3/22/2011
Islamic Achievement & Influence 1
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2. Muslim Urban Centers Education increased w/ creation of Universities
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Muslim Urban Centers
Education increased w/ creation of Universities
Scholars preserved classical works of Greece/Rome
Improved Indian/Persian discoveries
Cities included:
Baghdad (Iraq)
Cordoba (Spain)
Damascus (Syria)
Cairo (Egypt)
Timbuktu (Mali) 2
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3. 3/22/2011
Cairo 3
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4. Role of Women Women in full Burqas
3/22/2011
Role of Women
Rights determined by interpreters of Koran.
“Men are managers of women’s affairs.”
“Righteous women are therefore obedient”
In early days, women could get an education.
Inheritance rights
Could divorce and remarry
Women in full Burqas 4
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5. House of Wisdom Islamic center for scholars (University)
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House of Wisdom
Islamic center for scholars (University)
Opened by Caliph al- Ma’mum in early 800’s
Included library, academy, & translation center.
Interpreted/translated works from Greece, Rome, India, Persia & others.
Scholars gathered to study & analyze
Muhammad preached education important in order to serve Allah 5
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6. Medical Advances al-Razi Cleaner air could help recovery
3/22/2011
Medical Advances
al-Razi
Created encyclopedia Comprehensive Book
collected medical knowledge from Greece, Syria, India, & Arabic sources.
Cleaner air could help recovery
Called for good nutrition & exercise
Wrote findings in Treatise on Smallpox & Measles 6
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7. Mathematic Achievements
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Mathematic Achievements
Related to study of Astronomy
Al-Khwarizmi
created a technique Al-Jabr = Algebra
Trigonometry developed
Arabic Numeral System
adopted from India
(3:16) 7
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8. Scientific Achievements
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Scientific Achievements
Used observation & conducted lab experiments
Ibn al-Haytham
produced first book on Optics.
Studies led to development of lenses for telescopes & microscopes. 8
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9. Astronomy Astrolabe 5 Pillars led to Astronomical advances (Why?)
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Astronomy
5 Pillars led to Astronomical advances (Why?)
Needed accurate Lunar calendar to observe religious periods
Cartography (mapmaking) became prominent
Astrolabe
scientific instrument used to navigate on seas. h?v=JZDe9DCx7Wk 9
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10. Essential Knowledge 165. Why were Muslims interested in Education?
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Essential Knowledge
165. Why were Muslims interested in Education?
166. What was the Muslims’ first ‘university’?
167. Match the following Muslims to their correct field of study: Al-Razi, Al-Khwarizmi, Ibn al- Haytham (Medicine, Mathematics, Optics)
168. From where do the Arabic Numerals originate? 10
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11. Muslim Literature The Rubaiyat Collection of poems Omar Khayyam
Persian mathematician & Astronomer
“Yesterday & today go on without us:
Tomorrow what’s the charge against me, pray?
In youth, I studied for a little while;
Later I boasted of my mastery,
Yet this was all the lesson I learned:
We come from dust, and with the wind are gone,
Of all the travelers on this endless road
No one returns to tell us where it leads,
There’s little in this world but greed and need,
Leave nothing here, for you will not return.”

12. Muslim Literature Follows storytelling tradition of Bedouins
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Muslim Literature
Follows storytelling tradition of Bedouins
Koran considered standard for all Islamic literature.
The Thousand and One Nights: Arabian Nights tales about the Abbasid period – a Golden Age
collection of fairy tales, parables, & legends. 11
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13. Muslim Art & Architecture
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Muslim Art & Architecture
Calligraphy – the art of beautiful handwriting 12
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14. 3/22/2011
Mosaics 13
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15. Muslim Art & Architecture
3/22/2011
Muslim Art & Architecture
Much of Islamic architecture is a blending of Byzantine architecture with Muslim ideas. 14
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16. 3/22/2011 15
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17. * Tomb built by Emperor Shah Jahan as a tomb for his beloved wife
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The Taj Mahal
( )
* Tomb built by Emperor Shah Jahan as a tomb for his beloved wife
Minarets
Onion Dome 16
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18. 3/22/2011
Dome of the Rock
(3:20)
Why is the Dome of the Rock significant to Muslims? 18
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19. The city of Cordoba, Spain
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The city of Cordoba, Spain 20
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20. Essential Knowledge 169. What is the art of beautiful handwriting?
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Essential Knowledge
169. What is the art of beautiful handwriting?
170. Name India’s most classic form of Islamic architecture?
171. What art form, borrowed from the Byzantines, uses small pieces of tile/glass to create images?
172. What battle is credited with stopping the Muslim advance on Europe? 23
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