1. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Millennium Development Goals

2. 1-2 Millennium Development Goals In September 2000, the 189 member countries of the United Nations at that time adopted eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) They committed themselves to making substantial progress toward the eradication of poverty and achieving other human development goals by 2015 The MDGs are the strongest statement yet of the international commitment to ending global poverty

3. 1-3 Millennium development goals and Targets for 2015.

4. 1-4 Millennium development goals and Targets for 2015.

5. 1-5 Tracking the progress of the developing world: UN MDGs Website http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ Online Atlas of The Millennium Development Goals http://devdata.worldbank.org/atlas-mdg/ Useful to look at developing regions (Table 2.1, page 42): East Asia and the Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Middle East and North Africa South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa

6. 1-6 Achieving the Goal: East Asia and the Pacific The greatest poverty reduction occurred in East Asia and the Pacific, where the poverty rate fell from 78 percent in 1981 to 17 percent in 2005 The number of people living on less than $1.25 a day decreased by more than 750 million - Much of this decline was due to China, where poverty fell from 84 percent to 16 percent Progress has also been quite significant in education but has been slower in health Source: The World Bank

7. 1-7 Achieving the Goal: Europe and Central Asia The highest income per capita among all developing regions (and nearly doubled through 2004-2007) Universal primary education appears achievable across most of the region For most countries in the region the child mortality MDGs are unlikely to be met HIV prevalence rate for population ages 15-49 has nearly doubled between 2001 and 2007 and water quality is a serious issue Source: The World Bank

8. 1-8 Achieving the Goal: Latin America and the Caribbean The highest life expectancy at birth among developing regions The region is on track to meet a number of human development MDGs Majority of countries have already reached or are on track to achieve the primary education, access to water goals, and the gender equality in education target Achieving the maternal mortality goal is likely to be difficult for LAC region; in addition, there is a trend declining in the poverty rate, but pace of decline is slow Source: The World Bank

9. 1-9 Achieving the Goal: Middle East and North Africa Fairly steady decline in the poverty rate, though not sufficient to avoid a rising count in the number of poor The ($2) poverty rate fell from 20 percent in 1990 to 17 percent in 2005, but the number of people living below $2 a day has increased from 44.4 million to 51.4 million Significant advances have taken place in improving indicators such as life expectancy, child mortality, and school enrollment for both men and women More than half of the countries are unlikely to achieve access to sanitation facilities target for 2015 Source: The World Bank

10. 1-10 Achieving the Goal: South Asia Without a higher rate of poverty reduction, the region will not be able to halve its 1990 poverty rate by 2015 Mortality in children under-five was reduced substantially between 1990 and 2007 (from 125 per 1,000 to 78 per 1,000) Maternal mortality rates are high and the majority of births are not attended by skilled health staff Half of the countries are unlikely to achieve 2015 target for access to improved water source, and majority will not achieve the target for access to sanitation Source: The World Bank

11. 1-11 Achieving the Goal: Sub-Saharan Africa The incidence of poverty at $1.25 a day is reduced by little, from 53 percent in 1981 to 51 percent in 2005, the number of poor has almost doubled over 1981-2005 Risk of maternal death is 1 in 22; 330 times higher than the risk for women in developed countries More than two thirds of the population doesn't have access to improved sanitation facilities, and all countries in the region are unlikely to achieve the target for 2015 Little progress in health, insufficient to meet the challenges facing African health care systems Source: The World Bank