1. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 Section 4.2 Measuring Evidence with p-values

2. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 Review In 2008, Paul the Octopus predicted 8 World Cup games, and predicted them all correctly Is this evidence that Paul’s chance of guessing correctly, p, is really greater than 50%? What are the null and alternative hypotheses? a) H 0 : p ≠ 0.5, H a : p = 0.5 b) H 0 : p = 0.5, H a : p ≠ 0.5 c) H 0 : p = 0.5, H a : p > 0.5 d) H 0 : p > 0.5, H a : p = 0.5

3. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 A randomization distribution is shown to test H 0 :  = 0 vs H a :  > 0 If r = 0.1, the p-value is closest to A. 0.005 B. 0.01 C. 0.1 D. 0.2 E. 0.4

4. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 A randomization distribution is shown to test H 0 :  = 0 vs H a :  > 0 If r = 0.5, the p-value is closest to A. 0.005 B. 0.1 C. 0.25 D. 0.4 E. 0.7

5. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 A randomization distribution is shown to test H 0 :  = 0 vs H a :  > 0 If r = 0.25, the p-value is closest to A. 0.005 B. 0.1 C. 0.25 D. 0.4 E. 0.7

6. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 A randomization distribution is shown to test H 0 :  = 0 vs H a :  > 0 If r = – 0.2, the p-value is closest to A. 0.005 B. 0.1 C. 0.25 D. 0.4 E. 0.7

7. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 Using the randomization distribution below to test H 0 :  = 0 vs H a :  > 0 Which sample statistic shows the most evidence for the alternative hypothesis? A. r = 0.1 B. r = 0.3 C. r = 0.5

8. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 Using the randomization distribution below to test H 0 :  = 0 vs H a :  > 0 Therefore, which p-value shows the most evidence for the alternative hypothesis? A. 0.35 B. 0.15 C. 0.005

9. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 Which of the following p-values gives the strongest evidence against H 0 ? a) 0.005 b) 0.1 c) 0.32 d) 0.56 e) 0.94 p-value and H 0 The lower the p-value, the stronger the evidence against the null hypothesis.

10. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 Which of the following p-values gives the strongest evidence against H 0 ? a) 0.22 b) 0.45 c) 0.03 d) 0.8 e) 0.71 p-value and H 0 The lower the p-value, the stronger the evidence against the null hypothesis.

11. Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data Lock 5 Two different studies obtain two different p- values. Study A obtained a p-value of 0.002 and Study B obtained a p-value of 0.2. Which study obtained stronger evidence against the null hypothesis? a) Study A b) Study B p-value and H 0 The lower the p-value, the stronger the evidence against the null hypothesis.