1. Salutary Neglect to Reorganization

2. Salutary Neglect and French-Indian War Since 1688, England allowed American colonies to prosper largely under self- rule (“Salutary Neglect”) French and Indian War (1754-1763) –Friction between English colonies and French colonies erupted over French move to take Ohio area –Indians fought on both sides –English-French tensions created worldwide “Seven Years War” 1756-63 George Washington commanded English troops in French and Indian War

3. Territorial Changes from French-Indian War Treaty of Paris 1763, France gave territory between Appalachians and Mississippi to Britain. Land west of the Mississippi and New Orleans transferred to Spain Spain gave Florida and Cuba to Britain. French Canada transferred to Britain To avoid conflict and expenses, England passed Proclamation of 1763, forbidding colonial expansion into Indian lands west of Appalachians. Britain maintained army of 10,000 in America to control western territories

4. Economics after French-Indian War To win the war, Britain nearly doubled its national debt Colonial economies boomed as Britain bought army supplies To pay debts, Parliament raised taxes in England; English demanded tax on colonies.

5. 1761: Writs of Assistance Meant to stop smuggling of cheaper goods from the French West Indies. British officers could search suspected smugglers ships, warehouses & homes without “probable cause” Boston lawyer James Otis argued that the Act was unconstitutional, but lost. George III

6. Proclamation of 1763 Issued by George III after Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America Established Britain's vast new North American empire, Tried to stabilize relations with Native Americans by regulating trade, settlement, and land purchases on frontier. Forbade colonists of the 13 colonies from settling or buying land west of the Appalachian Mountains. Led to outrage in colonies, as many colonists had already acquired land in that region. Gave Crown a monopoly in land bought from Native Americans.