1. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-1 Chapter 4 Telecommunications and the Internet Information Systems Today Leonard Jessup & Joseph Valacich

2. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-2

3. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-3 Chapter 4 Objectives Understand the role of telecommunications in organizations Understand the role of telecommunications in organizations Understand the evolution of computer networks Understand the evolution of computer networks Understand the Internet and how it works Understand the Internet and how it works Understand basic Internet services Understand basic Internet services Understand the use of the World Wide Web Understand the use of the World Wide Web

4. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-4 The Role of Telecommunications and Networks in Organizations Definitions Definitions  Telecommunications – the transmission of all forms of information, including digital data, voice, fax, sound, and video, from one location to another over some type of network  Network – a group of computers and associated peripheral devices connected by a communication channel capable of sharing information and other resources (e.g., like a printer) between users  Bandwidth – the carrying capacity of telecommunications networks

5. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-5 The Role of Telecommunications and Networks in Organizations Interpersonal Communication Applications Interpersonal Communication Applications  E-mail  Internet Relay Chat (IRC) = instant messaging  Facsimile (fax)  Voice mail  Videoconferencing

6. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-6 The Role of Telecommunications and Networks in Organizations Common Business Applications Common Business Applications  E-Commerce  Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)  Telecommuting  Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT)  Distance Learning  Telemedicine

7. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-7 Evolution of Computer Networking Sharing Information Sharing Information  Senders and receivers  Transmission media  Rules or protocols

8. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-8 Evolution of Computer Networking Computer Networks Computer Networks  Digitizing  Modem Centralized Computing Centralized Computing  Terminals Distributed Computing Distributed Computing Collaborative Computing Collaborative Computing

9. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-9 Evolution of Computer Networking Types of Networks Types of Networks  Private Branch Exchange (PBX)  Local Area Network (LAN)  Wide Area Network (WAN)  Global Networks  Enterprise Networks  Value-Added Networks (VANs)  Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)  Personal Area Networks (PANs)

10. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-10 The Internet How did the Internet Get Started? How did the Internet Get Started?  ARPANET  U.S. Defense  Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)  NSFNET  National Science Foundation

11. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-11 The Internet Internet Technologies Internet Technologies  Packet-Switching Technology  TCP/IP  Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol  IP Datagram  Connecting Independent Networks  Routers  Backbone Network

12. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-12 The Internet Web Domain Names and Addresses Web Domain Names and Addresses  Uniform Resource Locator (URL)  Common domain extensions .edu.org.mil.com.net .ca.th.no (country codes)  IP Addresses

13. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-13 The Internet Who Manages the Internet? Who Manages the Internet?  The Internet Registry – acts as a central repository for Internet-related information and which provides central allocation of network system identifiers  Domain Name System (DNS) – a system used to associate Internet host names with their Internet IP addresses

14. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-14 The Internet Who Manages the Internet? Who Manages the Internet?  Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) – a non- profit corporation manages IP addresses, domain names, and root server system management  InterNIC Registration Service – assigns Internet addresses

15. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-15 The Internet How Do You connect to the Internet? How Do You connect to the Internet?  Internet Service Providers (ISPs)  Network Access Points (NAPs)  Internet backbone

16. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-16 The Internet How Fast Is Your Connection? How Fast Is Your Connection?  Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)  Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)  Digital Subsciber Line (DSL)  Cable Modems  Satellite Connections  T1 Lines  Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

17. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-17 The Internet Security in the Internet Age Security in the Internet Age  Encryption  Firewalls  Authentication

18. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-18 The Internet State of the Internet State of the Internet What are people doing on the Internet? What are people doing on the Internet?  E-mail  What next for the Internet?  Internet2  Abilene network backbone

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20. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-20 The Internet Internet Tools Internet Tools  E-mail  Telnet  File transfer  Listserv  Usenet  Archie  WAIS  Gopher  Voice over IP

21. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-21 World Wide Web Web browser Web browser Hypertext Hypertext Hyperlinks Hyperlinks Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Web servers Web servers Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Uniform Resource Locator (URL) Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

22. © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.4-22 World Wide Web World Wide Web Architecture World Wide Web Architecture World Wide Web Applications World Wide Web Applications  Electronic brochure  Online ordering  Electronic marketplaces  Online customer service