1. What is Genocide? Kirsten Farabi UCD Teacher Candidate 2009

2. Genocide is defined by the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide drafted in 1948. Article 2 of the Convention defines it as: Any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such: Killing members of the group; Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;...Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group. What is Genocide?

3. Genocides in the 20 th Century Armenians in Turkey (1915 – 1918) 1,500,000 deaths Stalin’s forced famine (1932 – 1933) 7,000,000 deaths Rape of Nanking (1937 – 1938 The forgotten Holocaust of WWII) 300,000 deaths Nazi Holocaust (1938 – 1945) 6,000,000 deaths Pol Pot, Cambodia (1975 – 1979) 2,000,000 deaths Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992 – 1995) 200,000 deaths Rwanda (1994 – present) 800,000 deaths

4. Large scale, mass atrocities of a genocidal level occurred when Armenian nationalists began to demand greater autonomy under the Ottoman Empire towards the end of the nineteenth century. Veiled from the international community by the chaos of World War I, the Ottoman government intentionally destroyed over 1 million Armenians from 1915 - 1923. Armenia

5. As Adolph Hitler's Nationalist Socialist regime pursued its policies of Aryan racial supremacy, the Nazi regime began to eliminate all "undesirable" races: the Jews, the Slavs, gypsies, political and religious dissidents, homosexuals and the disabled. Businesses were looted, targeted populations were deported en masse to concentration camps and, ultimately, 6 million Jews and 5 million "undesirables" lost their lives in a series of targeted exterminations and massacres that still haunts the minds of survivors today. The Holocaust

6. As Pol Pot came to power in the 1970s, the Khmer Rouge began to take over the majority of Cambodia. Because the United States' bombing campaign during the Vietnam War weakened Cambodia, the Khmer Rouge was eventually able to enter the capital to institute a new, authoritarian regime. All opposition to the regime was exterminated in a genocidal campaign. Between 1975 and 1979, over 2 million Cambodians were targeted for destruction. Cambodia

7. With the death of Josip Tito, Bosnia's long time authoritarian dictator, the combination of the emergence of nationalist politics and the militarization of Serbia and Croatia sparked the eruption of a three-sided civil war between the Bosnian-Serbs, Bosnian- Croats, and Bosnian-Muslims. Within this war, Bosnian Serbs attempted to ethnically cleanse strategic regions in Bosnia to accomplish their mission of creating a "Greater Serbia." The scale of atrocities committed against the Muslim populations in various areas of Bosnia by the Serbs was genocidal. Over 200,000 Muslims have been killed or starved and tortured to death in concentration camps between 1992 and 1995. Bosnia and Herzegovina

8. My family, the Bisics Survivors of the Bosnian War

9. Tensions in Rwanda between the once-dominant minority Tutsis and the majority Hutus periodically erupted in anti-Tutsi violence since the Hutus gained power after independence from Belgium in 1962. After a civil war between exiled Tutsi rebels and the Hutu government ended in a ceasefire and power- sharing agreement, Hutu extremists within and outside the government began to prepare a Tutsi extermination campaign. On April 6, 1994, the Hutu President's plane was shot down, which touched off a genocide that killed 800,000 to 1 million Tutsis and moderate Hutus in 100 days. Rwanda

10. It is still happening today Democratic Republic of Congo Sri Lanka Burma Baghdad Somalia Chad Central African Republic Darfur

11. To prevent genocide from continuing to occur in the twenty- first century, we have a responsibility to protect civilians who are being victimized by countries unwilling or unable to halt ongoing atrocities. Check out genocideintervention.net