1. The Breakup of Yugoslavia

2. Ethnic Makeup Ethnic Makeup Religious Makeup
Bosnia 48% Bosniak 40% Muslim
37% Serb % Orthodox Christian
14.3% Croat 15% Catholic
Croatia 89.6% Croat 88% Catholic
4.5% Serb % Orthodox Christian
1.3% Muslim
Serbia 83% Serb % Serbian Orthodox
4% Hungarian % Catholic
1.4% Romany % Muslim
1.1% Yugoslav
1.1% Bosniak
Macedonia 64% Macedonian 65% Macedonian Orthodox
25% Albanian 33% Muslim
3.9% Turk

3. Ethnic Makeup Ethnic Makeup Religion
Montenegro 43% Montenegrin Religious data not available
32 % Serbian
8% Bosniak
5% Albania
Kosovo 88% Albanians 90% Muslim
8% Kosovo Serbs Serbian Orthodox
4% other ethnic groups. Roman Catholic
Slovenia 83% Slovene 58% Roman Catholic
2% Serb 2% Muslim
2% Croat 2% Orthodox
1%Bosnian
12% Other or undeclared

4. History Name was changed to Yugoslavia- “land of the Slavs”
Many ethnic groups and religions were brought together
Serbs- Serbian Orthodox (Christian)
Bosniak- Muslim
Croat- Christian- Catholic
Slovene- Christian- Catholic
Albanian (Kosovo)- Muslim
Name was changed to Yugoslavia- “land of the Slavs”
During WWII, Germany invaded
Bosnia and Croatia killed 400,000 Serbs (genocide)

5. History- Tito’s Yugoslavia
Josip Broz Tito- became dictator of Yugoslavia (communist)- forced Germany out
Promoted Yugoslav nationalism
Brought political stability
Suppressed ethnic tensions
Died in 1980

6. Yugoslavia Begins to Crumble
After Tito’s death- leadership rotated between presidents of the republics in Yugoslavia- Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia
Wanted to help their own republics at the expense of Yugoslavia as a whole
Economic instability- foreign debt

7. Slobodan Milosevic 1986- Slobodan Milosevic (Serb) came to power
Promoted Serbian nationalism and the creation of a Greater Serbia- offended non-Serbs
1990’s Led to declarations of independence, War in Croatia, War in Bosnia, and War in Kosovo

8. War in Croatia Hostilities led to war
Yugoslav’s Army supported Serbs- took control of 1/3 of Croatia and killed many Croats
UN negotiated a cease fire in 1992
1995- Croatia independent

9. War in Bosnia
After declaration of independence, Serbs (large minority) launched a war to stop it
Ethnic cleansing- Serbs killed Bosnians and Croats- tried to eliminate ethnic group
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization- military alliance) began air strikes against Serbs
1995- Bosnia independent

10. War in Kosovo
Milosevic tried to gain complete control of Kosovo and wipe out non- Serb ethnic groups- mainly Albanian here
1998- ethnic cleansing escalated- U.S., U.K. and others imposed economic sanctions- didn’t stop killings
1999- NATO launched air strikes- led to a peace treaty
Declared independence in 2008 from Serbia- only 85 countries recognize it; Serbia does not

11. WHY DID YUGOSLAVIA BREAK APART?