1. India After WWI/ Ghandi January 28, 2014

2. Following WWI – India WANTS freedom 1919: England imposes stricter laws – No freedom of press 10,000 Indians protest – 379 die – 1100 wounded Mohandas Ghandi Unite people/ fight for change From a middle class Hindu family Lived in England/ studied law 1891: moves to South Africa – Learns NON-VIOLENT protest Believes in: 1.Hindu Non-violence/ respect for life 2.Christian teachings of LOVE (even enemies) 3.Civil disobedience: refuse to obey unjust laws

3. Ghandi hopes: make world aware of British wrongdoing – Accept punishment/ no strike back Ghandi appeals to ALL Indians – Demands better treatment of untouchables – Reaches out to other religions (unite ALL Indians) Lives simply/ dress in white cotton cloth Vegetarian Fasted (no food) Salt March 1930: British put a tax on salt – India not allowed to make salt/ very $$$ Ghandi organizes a 200 mile march to sea to make salt British arrested Ghandi & 50,000 others Some British officers use VIOLENCE against protesters British at home: do we want India anymore???

4. World War II India does NOT want to fight for England (but does) Agree to fight if they get their independence – England says NO Trouble at HOME Hindu/ Muslim Conflict England LIKES India torn in religion conflict, BUT… Talk about dividing India in half Ghandi promotes everyone TOGETHER – More power 1942: England promises to grant independence after WWII over 1945: End of WWII England is war-torn Riots in India over religion/ Civil War possible – No longer demand to keep India 1947: England grants India independence Partition India: divide it Hindu population will live in INDIA Muslim population will live in PAKISTAN

5. Independence but still problems Mass migration – Hindus to India – Muslims to Pakistan Massive violence – 500,000 killed Ghandi refuses to celebrate India’s independence on August 15, 1947 Ghandi reads prayers aloud from Bible, Koran, etc. (all religions) January 1948: Ghandi assassinated Hindu nationalist Thinks that Ghandi is betraying Hindu people by incorporating other religions