1. FORCES THAT INFLUENCE SOCIAL CHANGE
CHAPTER 3
FORCES THAT INFLUENCE SOCIAL CHANGE

2. CHAPTER 3 - KEY TERMS Anomie Alienation Income Inequality
Systematic Discrimination
Relative Income Inequality
Absolute Income Inequality
Low-Income Cut-Off Line (LICO)
Low-Income Measure
Market Basket Measure (MBM)

3. Key Terms Cont… Term Definition Anomie
Condition where a group is without any roots or norms as they struggle daily to survive
Alienation
The state of being (or feeling) alone, separate, different
Income Inequality
Gap between what the rich and poor earn
Systemic Discrimination
When a system exists that favours one or some groups over others in terms of hiring, benefits, promotion and pay increases
Relative Income Inequality
Comparing percentage of total income in each 1/5th of the population enjoy
Absolute Income Inequality
Amount of money earned by different groups

4. Key Terms Cont… Measures of Poverty
Definition
Low Income Cut Off Line (LICO)
Crude measurement tool (if 64% or more of total income is spent on food, shelter and clothing then one is below the LICO/poverty line)
Low Income Measure (LIM)
A relative measurement tool that categorizes individuals (or households) whose adjusted family income is below 50% of the median income.
Market Basket Measure (MBM)
A relative measurement tool that defines low income in relation to a specific basket of essential goods and services, without which (or without access to which) an individual or household is considered to be living in poverty. The basket represents a standard of consumption (food, clothing, shelter, transport, and other expenditures). The strength of this approach is that it takes into account the local conditions in costing the basket.

5. POVERTY What does poverty look like in our society?
What groups in our society are at risk of being poor?
What does poverty look like in other societies around the world?
How does our society define poverty?
Why are people still poor in societies where the economy is booming and prosperous? Start your sentence with “people are poor because…”
What are some possible solutions for eliminating poverty in our society?
Around the world?

6. What would you put in your basket?

7. POVERTY IS… Hunger Lack of shelter Lack of clothing
Being sick and not being able to get help
Not being able to go to school
Not having a job
Living one day at a time
Losing a child to illness due to unclean water
Powerlessness
Etc…

8. MUSICAL CHAIRS WEALTH DISTRIBUTION ACTIVITY
RELATIVE POVERTY
Compares a person’s total income and spending patterns with those of the general population
Is often measured using the LICO:
-If 64% or more of take home income is spent on basic necessities (food, shelter, clothing) one is defined as poor in Canadian society
MUSICAL CHAIRS WEALTH DISTRIBUTION ACTIVITY

9. Poverty in Canada
News Report-3 min Elaine’s Story-3 min Poor No More: Documentary min

10. ABSOLUTE POVERTY
Absolute poverty is measured by comparing a person’s total income against the total cost of purchasing a specific ‘basket’ of goods and services representing the essentials of daily life.
People with inadequate income to purchase this basket of items are considered to be living in absolute poverty
Also depends on access to social services

11. Poverty Around The World
Global Statistics Personal Stories of Poverty Gobally-3 min End Poverty Campaign min BBC: Debate on Poverty min

12. PRIVILEGE AND OPPORTUNITY
What does privilege mean?
What does privilege look like in our society?
What impact does privilege have on an individual moving through their life?
What does the slogan ‘Check your privilege’ mean?
What does the term ‘invisible knapsack’ mean?

13. NATIONAL ANTI-POVERTY ORGANIZATION (2003)
Deep and persistent poverty continues in Canada
Rate and depth of poverty has depened for many groups
Young families are more likely to be poor
Vulnerability of children and lone-parent families is a concern

14. OTHER FACTS RELATED TO POVERTY
The cost of poverty to Canada has been estimated at billion/year 5-6% of GDP (Ontario Association of Food Banks)
In March 2010, Canadians (38% children) used food banks for food support (28% increase since 2008)
865,000 Canadian children under the age of 18 lived in poverty in 2004-one of every 8 children.
Class Activity: Calculate expenses for a female lone-parent family