OK. So let’s get started. For those who have umpired before…what is the umpire’s #1 Responsibility?

OK. So let’s get started. For those who have umpired before…what is the umpire’s #1
Responsibility?

Safety The umpire’s number 1 responsibility is SAFETY! The umpire’s number 1 responsibility is SAFETY! The umpire’s number 1 responsibility is SAFETY! (Repeat it 3 times!!) The safety of the players, the coaches, and the umpires. Ask the students to shout out some safety issues. Has anyone ever seen any safety issues? To that end, instruct the coaches at the plate conference 1) no one should be handling a bat until it is there turn to come to the plate, 2) only ONE on deck batter at the beginning of an inning, 3) coaches should only come on the field when the umpire gives permission or after all warmups are completed. Unsafe situations such as extra balls on the field or open gates should be brought to the umpires’ attention. Umpires should have drinks and sunblock. What is this on deck stuff? (Have someone read the rule on pg 48.)

The on-deck position is not permitted.
1.08 NOTE 1: The on-deck position is not permitted. Majors and below. NOTE 2: Only the first batter of each half-inning will be permitted outside the dug-out between half-innings. (Rewritten 2000)

I Got There late, So I Just Wasn’t Ready to Umpire!
Get gear from Umpire’s room Arrive 10 minutes before game time Walk to the diamond w/partner Think baseball Crouch down behind the catcher and look at the warm up pitches Try to get there at least 10 minutes early so you can get your head in the game before it starts. Talk with your partner. Make sure you have a plate brush, indicator, mask, shin guards, and baseballs – 1 new, 1 used. Decide who has the plate and who has the field. Get plate gear ready. Be ready to walk on the field and start the plate conference no later than 5 minutes before game time. After the plate conference, let the pitcher warm up. Go behind the plate for a couple of pitches so the pitcher is used to you being there. (Explain this) OK…so what’s all this plate conference stuff? (Go to next slide)

The Strike Zone

Use the entire strike zone.
If the batter squats call the zone by his/her usual stance. The batter will normally take a swing or two before stepping into the batter's box. That is the usual stance when they swing, use that as the strike zone. Call a strike early and the batter will normally stand up and hit away. THE STRIKE ZONE IS THE SPACE OVER HOME PLATE THAT IS BETWEEN THE BATTER’S ARMPITS AND THE TOP OF THE KNEES WHEN THE BATTER ASSUMES A NATURAL STANCE. THE UMPIRE SHALL DETERMINE THE STRIKE ZONE ACCORDING TO THE BATTER’S USUAL STANCE WHEN THAT BATTER SWINGS AT A PITCH.

The whole zone. Use the whole zone.

IT CAN ONLY BE A “BALL” OR A “Strike”
And nobody is perfect! You do not have to explain your call. Don't give location. You only have 2 choices....it's a ball or strike. Not ball, outside………. or ball, low………... Just ball or strike. So, what is a strike?. It is defined on pg 55. (Have different folks read each line as you move through the charts.) Someone read “a”.

RULE: 2.00 A STRIKE IS A LEGAL PITCH WHICH IS STRUCK AT BY THE BATTER AND IS MISSED.

RULE: 2.00 A STRIKE IS A LEGAL PITCH THAT IS NOT STRUCK AT WHEN ANY PART OF THE BALL PASSES THROUGH ANY PART OF THE STRIKE ZONE.

RULE: 2.00 So what is a foul? Hang on, we will get to that. A STRIKE IS A LEGAL PITCH WHICH IS FOULED BY THE BATTER WHEN THERE IS LESS THAN TWO OUTS.

RULE: 2.00 Any bunt attempt is a strike and if bunted foul on the 3rd strike the batter is out. (Dead Ball) OK so what is a bunt? Have someone read definition on pg 51. A STRIKE IS A LEGAL PITCH THAT IS BUNTED FOUL. (THE BATTER IS OUT AND THE BALL IS DEAD, IF THE BATTER BUNTS FOUL ON A THIRD STRIKE).

RULE: 2.00(e) If the part of the body the pitch strikes is in the strike zone, it is a strike not a “hit by pitch.” A STRIKE IS A LEGAL PITCH WHICH TOUCHES THE BATTER’S PERSON AS THE BATTER STRIKES AT IT (DEAD BALL).

RULE: 2.00(f) In Little League batter's sometimes lean out over the plate and get themselves (hands, arms, elbows, etc) into the strike zone. A STRIKE IS A LEGAL PITCH THAT TOUCHES THE BATTER IN FLIGHT IN THE STRIKE ZONE. (DEAD BALL)

What’s Your Call? “Timel" thennnnnnnn strike one, two or three! You call “time” because the ball is dead every time a pitch hits a batter. However, it must hit the batter before hitting the bat. If the player hits the ball and then the ball hits the player, it is a foul ball. After you call it dead you have a second or two to decide if it was a strike. If it is, the batter does NOT get first base. If this happens with a 2-strike count on the batter, the batter is out. (There is a VIDEO for this if you want to use it)

RULE: 2.00(g) Use all the strike zone, up, down, left and right. These kids are not that good at pitching yet and if your strike zone is postage stamp size you will be there all night. So, how do you actually call a strike? A STRIKE IS A LEGAL PITCH THAT BECOMES A FOUL TIP (BALL IS LIVE AND IN PLAY).

NOT A CATCH IF REBOUNDED
FOUL TIP 2.00 SHARP AND DIRECT FROM BAT TO CATCHERS HAND OR MITT MUST BE CAUGHT BY CATCHER IS A STRIKE BALL REMAINS ALIVE Remind them that the "BALL REMAINS ALIVE" and runners are in jeopardy. Don’t get too hung up on this. The bottom line is, if the batter hits the ball and the catcher catches it, it is a strike and the ball is alive (runners can advance). If it happens with a 2-strike count, the batter is out. If the catcher drops the ball, or if it hits anything other than the catcher’s hand or mitt before it is caught, it is a foul ball. RUNNERS ARE IN JEOPARDY NOT A CATCH IF REBOUNDED UNLESS IT FIRST HITS CATCHER’S HAND OR MITT

Mechanics

Heel-Toe-Heel-Toe (H/T/H/T):
o Slot foot is Square to the pitcher o Drop (back) foot is pointing to 1st base (45 degree angle from the pitcher) o The umpire fits behind & around the catcher while maintaining clearance • The stance is balanced over the feet without twisting or leaning • The umpire is locked into a stable “set” position • Head height (established by: Foot width, squat & lean) is umpire’s chin at the top of the catcher’s head • Protective equipment is mostly forward

“Heel-Toe-Heel-Toe” (H/T/H/T) foot alignment squares the body and head comfortably to the strike zone without twisting • H/T/H/T positions the plate umpire’s head forward while leaving sufficient area between the catcher and umpire to prevent bumping or hindering the other’s work • “Slot” foot squared to the pitcher for protection & the back or “drop” foot (and knee) flair pointing to 1st base – produce an efficient “fit” or “clearance” behind the catcher • Head is in the “slot” between the batter and catcher inside of the plate (slot-in) and forward (slot-forward) with H/T/H/T alignment – both angle the umpire’s vision cleanly around the catcher’s head & torso • The umpire’s body is comfortably in a “set” position behind and inside of the catcher • Line of sight vision of the inside corner established by “slot-in” • Slot in & forward allows vision past the outside corner for seeing the pitch caught • Elbows are tight against the body and hands are comfortably positioned for the pitch

The feet are placed well and are wide apart
• Wide foot width helps establish a solid base for your stance and is the most important element to establishing head height • The umpire has great squat (the next most important element to head height) • There is very little lean forward (best used for balance purposes – too much lean reduces the slot-in by pushing the head back into the plate) • The umpire’s head is set up inside of the catcher toward a right handed hitter (slot-in) – establishing vision without being blocked by the batter’s body • The head height is correct – umpire’s chin is at the top of the catcher’s head • The head height, slot-in and slot forward all are necessary to see above and around the catcher’s head and torso on those down & away pitches • Notice the arm placement – bicep & elbow are kept tight against the body • Again, see that the protective equipment is mostly forward

Positioning, Evaluating and Calling the Pitch:
Working the Plate: Positioning, Evaluating and Calling the Pitch: (1) Standing Position (Position A), (2) Set Position (Position B), (3) Pitch-Tracking, (4) Evaluation, (5) Signal and Call and (6) Relax between Pitches. Standing Position (Position A): The standing position places our feet and bodies in the general location needed for calling the strike zone properly except for the fact PU is still standing. • Set your feet in a heel (of the F2) to toe (of the slot foot) and heel (of the slot foot) to toe (of the non-slot foot) pattern. • Keep the slot foot straight and its protection forward. • The back foot should flair up to 45 degrees for balance and fit behind the catcher.

Dropping to a Set Position (Position B):
• Watch as F1 begins his motion, lifts his leg and reaches his arm back to deliver the pitch. • Then, drop to a set position, like sitting in a chair and lock into position. • Use your legs (not your back) to adjust your head height. • Lean forward only enough to keep your balance. • Drop into your set position by the time F1 releases the pitch. • The back foot flair up to 45 degrees will balance and fit you behind the catcher without bumping him with your knee.

• Your eyes should be three (3) or six (6) inches inside of the plate.
Set Position Goals: • Your eyes should be three (3) or six (6) inches inside of the plate. • Set your eyes a little (about a ball width) higher than the top of the batter's upper strike zone limit. • Your chin should not be below the top of F2's head and never below his ear. • Lock in your elbows into your body. • Establishing the stillness of a locked position and open visual field readies PU for the pitch-tracking phase that begins by following the ball well with your eye

• Follow the pitch with your eyes – not your head
Pitch Tracking: • Follow the pitch with your eyes – not your head • See the ball from the pitcher’s release through F2’s mitt with both eyes. • Great observation leads to great evaluation.

• Maximize data gathering abilities - alignment of your visual field.
Evaluation: • Maximize data gathering abilities - alignment of your visual field. • Square your head and body comfortably to the plate • Your natural tendency is to react immediately upon seeing a pitch. • Allow your eyes to perceive, process and evaluate all the visual input • Then, display the result.

• After evaluation, make the call.
Signal & Call: • After evaluation, make the call. • If the pitch is a ball, remain in the set position and say "Ball". • The distance from the zone will dictate how loudly you call the ball. o If it is a borderline or marginal (close) pitch, then yell out "ball" as loud as you say, "strike" in order to sell the call. o If it is in the dirt or obviously out of the zone, then a soft “Ball” or no call at all may be necessary because everyone in the park knows the pitch is a ball. • If the pitch is a strike, then stand up, step back and simultaneously do the strike mechanic and say "Strike". o Remember, all call strikes must be sold because you are increasing the batter's difficulty in battling the pitcher. o If the pitch is swung and missed at, merely give the strike mechanic without voice. 􀂃 Every one in the park can see that the batter has swung at the pitch. • Remain focused on the ball as you call the pitch.

Relax Between Pitches:
• After each pitch, step back and relax until F1 is back on the rubber. • Be sure to watch the ball at all times.

Strike Zone Philosophies: “New” Umpires Tendencies:
• Believe the rule book dictates the strike zone for all levels of play. • Think the strike zone as a "magic space" as defined in Rule 2.00. • Believe in literal interpretation of the strike zone. • “Ball” a pitch that misses the zone by the slightest distance. • Have a tendency of “balling" marginal pitches when unsure. • They lack confidence in their officiating.

Problem – These characteristics lead to fewer strikes, fewer swings and fewer bat-ball contacts, leads to long games in long counts and walks. The solution is merely to adjust your thinking. BE A STRIKER!

Think strikes - Assume strikes until proven a ball!
• The strike zone provides the balance between offense and defense. • On the questionable pitch, give the benefit of the doubt to the pitcher. THINK STRIKES! o Assume the pitch is a strike unless convinced otherwise. • To advance, batters must hit aggressively. o Aggressive strike zones keep teams focused on hitting, fielding & pitching but not walking. o Motivate the offense to swing the bat by stretching your zone as liberally as feasible. • The strike zone becomes much easier to call when batters aggressively swing the bat. o Each pitch swung at gets one more strike without PU making a decision. o A swing may put the ball in jeopardy – results in action, excitement and outs. o Aggressive play greatly reduces the number of decisions at the plate.

Plate Umpire – Strike Call
Strike Call: Wait for the pitch to hit the catcher’s glove (proper timing technique). Stand erect out of your crouch. Made with a raised right arm and clinched fist and then “pound the door” with the fist. Different styles, like open hand (or a point) out to the side are also used. NEVER take your eye off the ball when making this signal as you may miss a play in progress. Verbalized as “Strike!” Never call a “swinging strike” unless it is strike three which could lead to the batter-runner attempting an advance to first on a “third strike not caught.” Called third strikes require a little more vocalization. NOTE: On a “third strike not legally caught” where the batter is NOT entitled to advance to first base, the plate umpire should follow the strike three call with “Batter is out!, Batter is out!” to warn both the defense and the offense that the batter cannot legally attempt an advance to first base.

Plate Umpire – Ball Call
Ball Call: Always stay down in your set position. There is no hand signal. Loudly and clearly call “Ball!” After the call is made then rise up out of the set position to relax between pitches. The only time the ball number is indicated is on “Ball Four!” Never point to first base with either hand on ball four as it might confuse the defense as an out signal.

Plate Umpire – Out Call Out Call: The signal is similar to the strike
signal. Mask is ALWAYS held in left hand so it doesn’t go flying when making the call. It is possible that on rapidly developing plays at home (i.e. squeeze plays) that the mask cannot be removed in time since these plays occur so quickly. The right arm creates a right angle, fist is clinched. Verbalized as “He’s out!” Be emphatic on close calls which will “sell the call.”

Plate Umpire – Putting Ball in Play
Putting Ball in Play: The rules require that a verbalized “play” be called anytime the ball is made live again after becoming dead. First raise your right hand up forming a right angle and then point at the pitcher. Unless the ball is live no bases can be run, runs scored (except on dead ball awards), appeals made or any runner be put out. The verbalization of “play” is also important in letting your partner(s) know when the ball is alive versus dead. An alternative way to signal “play” is to put both hands up in front of your body with the palms in and then making a “come here” motion.

Plate Umpire – Fair/Foul Call
Fair and Foul Call: The Fair Call is NEVER verbalized! Any sound associated with indicating a fair ball could be construed as “foul” and stop play. Merely point into fair territory and say nothing. If necessary, emphatically point into fair territory if it appears that players are not reacting to the batted ball. The Foul Call is always preceded by the Time signal which kills all play and alerts the runners and coaches. The umpire then points toward foul territory. The arm and hand signals are accompanied by emphatic voicing of “Foul!” or “Foul Ball!” Once the foul call is made all action is immediately suspended. You can never change a foul ball into a fair ball and will have to live with the call. Fair/foul point with mask Fair/foul point with finger

Plate Umpire – Time Call
Time Call: It is very important that everyone on the field knows when you have called time. Raise both hands high in the air (palms out) and verbalize “Time!” This signal should be echoed by your partner(s). Once “Time” has been called, NOTHING can occur on the field of play. The “stop” or “do not pitch” signal may be used to allow a batter to get set in the batter’s box. It cannot be seen as clearly as both arms raised and should not be routinely substituted for the raised arms signal. This signal has the SAME impact as both arms raised high in the air. The ball is not live and no plays can be made.

Plate Umpire – Giving the Pitch Count
Strikes Balls Giving the Pitch Count: The pitch count is signaled by holding up fingers on the left hand to indicate balls while the right hand is used to indicate strikes. The pitch count is verbalized as, “three balls, two strikes”, not “three and two”, “thirty-two”, “full count” or with closed fists. Generally, the count isn’t verbalized until the second or third pitch to the batter. The pitch count SHOULD be given after every “action pitch” (i.e. when batter has two strikes or three balls on the count to him). Give the pitch count towards the pitcher and make the verbalization loud enough that the batter and coaches can hear it also. This avoids having to repeat the pitch count to different personnel.

Base Umpire – Safe Call Sequence
3 2 1 4 Safe Call Sequence: 1 - In most instances the safe call is initiated from the “hands-on-knees” set position. 2 - The hands are lifted from the knees and fully extended OUT and UP with palms down. 3 - When shoulder height is attained, the hands are horizontally split to the sides of the body. The call is verbalized as , “He’s safe!” as the hands are split. 4 - The hands are then returned to the out-and-up position and then the set position is re-assumed. The sequence gives the impression that the umpire was steady and in a good position to make the call.

Base Umpire – “Off the Bag” Call
“SAFE! He’s off the bag!” Off the Bag: This signal is an explanatory one used on plays in which the ball “beat the runner” but the fielder came off the bag to make the catch. It is used after the Safe signal and call has been made to indicate the umpire’s reason. It is vocalized as, “He’s off the bag!” The sweeping motion should be made in the direction the fielder moved and pulled himself off the base.

Base Umpire – Out Call Out Call: The out call is normally initiated from the hands-on-knees set position. The right arm is brought up high and then bent at the elbow to form a right angle. The hand is closed into a fist and then slightly pumped forward. The call is verbalized as, “He’s out!” The umpire then returns to the set position. On any close out call the base umpire should “sell the call” by making the call louder and more emphatic while being quieter and less demonstrative on routine plays.

Base Umpire – Time Call Time Call: The time call is initiated any time there is a need for a dead ball situation. It is also used to “echo” a partner’s Time call. Both arms are fully raised and the palms are facing out. The call is verbalized LOUDLY as, “Time!” The Time signal and/or call is often used by the base umpire in conjunction with other types of calls such as interference, obstruction, foul balls and ground rule doubles.

Checked Swing Appeal Responses
Base Umpire Checked Swing Appeal Responses Strike: The base umpire initiates the Out signal while responding, “Yes, he went!” Ball: The base umpire initiates the Safe signal while responding, “No, he didn’t!” Helpful Hint: The general rule of thumb on making the judgment call is whether or not the barrel of the bat breaks the plane of the foul line.

Base Umpire – Catch/No Catch
“That’s a catch!” “No catch! No catch!” Catch and No Catch Call: On questionable plays in the outfield or infield, the umpire should always indicate whether or not the ball was legally caught. This is the only way runners, fielders and coaches are made aware of the status of the ball. These calls are not usually initiated for routine situations, but the Out signal is used on routine fly balls that are caught. On close catches the umpire should loudly verbalize, “That’s a catch, that’s a catch!” The signals for these calls are the same for the Out and Safe signal. The Out signal indicates that the catch was legally made and the Safe signal indicates that the catch was not legally made. The Catch call is, “That’s a catch!” while the No Catch call is, “No catch! No catch!” On close plays either way the signal and call should be made more than once. On close non-catches, such as trapped balls, the umpire should loudly verbalize, “No catch, no catch!” This allows his partner and all players to know that the ball is still in play and avoids confusion.

Call It, Blue! “Show me the ball!” “He’s out!”

FAIR / FOUL BALL Batted ball that: (A) Settles (B) Is Touched
(C) Judged by the position of the ball OK—so let’s talk about fair and foul balls. Someone read what a fair ball is on pgs 51 & 52. A FAIR BALL is a batted ball that settles on fair ground between home and first base, or between home and third base, or that is on or over fair territory when bounding to the outfield past first or third base, or that touches first, second or third base, or that first falls on fair territory on or beyond first base or third base, or that, while on or over fair territory touches the person of an umpire or player, or that, while over fair territory, passes out of the playing field in flight. NOTE: A fair fly shall be judged according to the relative position of the ball and the foul line, including the foul pole, and not as to whether the fielder is on fair or foul territory at the time he touches the ball. “Official Baseball Rules” Case Book Comment: If a fly ball lands in the infield between home and first base, or home and third base, and then bounces to foul territory without touching a player or umpire and before passing first or third base, it is a foul ball; or if the ball settles on foul territory or is touched by a player on foul territory, it is a foul ball. If a fly ball lands on or beyond first or third base and then bounces to foul territory, it is a fair hit. Comment: 1) A batted ball that settles on home plate is a fair ball. 2) There are no foreign objects in fair territory, only in foul. Key Words: Must be touched or settle in fair territory. Have someone read the definition of a foul ball on pg 52. A FOUL BALL is a batted ball that settles on foul territory between home and first base, or between home and third base, or that bounds past first or third base on or over foul territory, or that first falls on foul territory beyond first or third base, or that, while on or over foul territory, touches the person of an umpire or player, or any object foreign to the natural ground. A foul fly shall be judged according to the relative position of the ball and the foul line, including the foul pole, and not as to whether the infielder is on foul or fair territory at the time he touches the ball. “Official Baseball Rules” Case Book Comment: A batted ball not touched by a fielder, which hits the pitcher’s rubber and rebounds into foul territory, between home and first, or between home and third base is a foul ball. Comments: 1)The above situation is correct for a ball on the ground. Once you make a call of “Foul Ball” when the ball is on the ground, it is foul forever. However, if the ball is in the air, it may still be caught for an out and the ball would remain alive and in play. 2) There is nothing in this rule to suggest that the batted ball must travel higher than the batter’s head to be an out. If not a foul tip or a rebound (See Rule 2.00-Foul Tip), the ball is a foul ball and can be caught for an out. 3) On a caught fly ball in foul territory, runners may legally tag up and advance.

FAIR BALL BEYOND THE BASE BEFORE A BASE HOME PLATE FIRST TOUCHED
Move to the next slide. FAIR BALL BEYOND THE BASE BEFORE A BASE HOME PLATE FIRST TOUCHED

FAIR / FOUL Plate Umpire ….Indicates Fair Ball Down Third Base Line….
(NO VOICE) Pump “Fair” As Necessary ….Indicates Fair Ball Down First Base Line…. (NO VOICE) Pump “Fair” As Necessary Fair is no voice just a point into fair territory. Foul is a loud, forceful, take charge kind of voice with point into foul territory with hands extended about the head slightly forward with palm of hands forward. (Use the disk to show an example) “FOUL!” If practical, you shall remove your mask for fair/foul decision. Sometimes, you will not have time to remove your mask (e.g.. Screaming line drive down the line or bunt near the line that the catcher pounces on.) The Closer The Ball Is To Being Fair Or Foul, The More Emphatic The Call. SELL THE CALL!

CATCH 2.00 SECURE POSSESSION COMPLETE CONTROL OF THE BALL VOLUNTARY
RELEASE CATCH IF FIELDER DROPS BALL IN THE ACT OF THROWING NO CATCH IF FIELDER DROPS BALL AS A RESULT OF COLLISION OR FALLING Talk about: 1. Secure possession in hand or glove 2. Complete control of the ball in the hand or glove 3. Voluntary release of the ball from the hand or glove cover the other circles as well. So, let’s see how you call a catch no-catch (Go to video) Be prepared to talk about the trap against the body with the arm, etc. Voluntary release usually comes up also. NO CATCH IF BALL TOUCHES OFFENSIVE PLAYER, OR GROUND, FENCE OR UMPIRES

QUESTIONS?

Little League® Baseball Two Umpire Crew Mechanics - 60’ Bases U2
This is umpire field mechanics It contains the basic mechanics that Little League prefers for fledgling umpires (less than five years experience) to use. As umpires gain experience and work with more experienced umpires, they may wish to introduce more sophistication into their mechanics, such as allowing the base umpire to take some fly balls as outlined in the LL 60’ Mechanics Manual. However, even more experienced umpires should revert to these basic mechanics when working with less experienced partners. The basic premise of these mechanics is that the home plate umpire (U1) takes all fly ball, both outfield AND infield) and fair/foul decisions. Therefore, whenever the ball goes to the outfield, the base umpire (U2) ALWAYS goes to the infield; and whenever the ball stays in the infield, U2 ALWAYS stays out of the infield. Umpires should arrive at the ball park about 30 minutes before game time to get dressed and have a conference about these mechanics, the signals (both hand and verbal) they will use to communicate with each other, and any special items about the game or field at hand that need to be discussed. Fifteen minutes before game time, the umpires should arrive on the field to check out field conditions and to inspect equipment in the dugouts. Five minutes before game time, the umpires will hold the meeting at home plate with the managers/coaches to exchange lineups, discuss ground rules, check on proper equipment, and emphasize sportsmanship. No players will be on the field during this discussion. When that’s over, bring the defense on the field and PLAY BALL!!

No Runner on Base Two Man Rotation U2
With no runners on base, the base umpire shall position himself/herself approximately 10 to 12 feet behind the 1st baseman with both feet in foul territory. The base umpire’s right foot should be just off the foul line, and his/her body should be squared to home plate. Legs should be spread just over shoulder width apart. The base umpire should be in a “ready” set position with both hands on his/her knees as the pitcher is preparing to deliver the ball to the batter. When the pitcher is in possession of the ball, the base umpire must keep his/her eyes on the pitcher for any violations of the pitching rules that the pitcher may commit. Then, when the pitcher is into his/her windup and is about ready to deliver the ball, the umpire’s head should turn towards the plate, and he/she should then focus on the plate area, being ready to help the home plate umpire with any check swing possibilities, for help in the possibility of the batter being struck by a batted ball, and to help the plate umpire with any balls that go out of play that the plate umpire may have trouble locating or tracking.

Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield
Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 On a 60 foot diamond it is best when teaching volunteer Little League umpires that any time the ball is hit to the outfield, the base umpire should move into the infield and pivot. The plate umpire will take all fair/foul, catch/no-catch. On a 60-foot diamond the plate umpire should have no trouble making these calls and these mechanics result in fewer choices that the new umpire may have to consider thus resulting in less confusion.

Fly Ball Down Left Field Line
Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base Fly Ball Down Left Field Line U2 U2 When the fly ball or line drive to the outfield causes the left fielder to have to move toward the left field foul line, the plate umpire has both fair/foul and catch/no catch responsibilities, in that order. The plate umpire will clear the catcher and batter and move to a position 20’-30’ up the 3rd base line and stop to watch the ball with his/her belt buckle centered on the 3rd base foul line. From that stationary position, the plate umpire will first rule on fair/foul. If the ruling is based on the ball touching the ground, he/she will simply visually signal (no voice) if fair or will visually and verbally signal along with a loud voice if foul. If the ruling is based on the ball touching the fielder’s glove or person, the plate umpire will first signal fair or foul (no voice on either signal, the foul signal only indicates that the touch was in foul territory) and then wait for the catch/no catch to be completed. Once catch/no catch has been determined, the plate umpire will signal and vocally announce his/her decision. If it is a no catch with a previous “touched in foul territory” determination, the plate umpire will immediately call “dead ball” to reinforce the previous touched in foul territory decision. The base umpire will come in, pivot and take responsibility of the batter-runner. After making the fair/foul, catch/no catch decisions, the plate umpire will move back toward home plate in foul territory to await a possible play there. Waiting for fair/foul, Catch/no catch U1 After fair/foul, Catch/no catch U1

Fly Ball Down Right Field Line
Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base Fly Ball Down Right Field Line U2 U2 When the fly ball or line drive to the outfield causes the right fielder to have to move toward the right field foul line, the plate umpire has both fair/foul and catch/no catch responsibilities, in that order. The plate umpire will clear the catcher and batter to their left and move to a position 20’-30’ up the 1st base line and stop to watch the ball with his/her belt buckle centered on the 1st base foul line. From that stationary position, the plate umpire will follow the same fair/foul, catch/no catch mechanics provided previously. The base umpire will come in, pivot and take responsibility of the batter-runner. After making the fair/foul, catch/no catch decisions, the plate umpire will move back to the 3rd base side of home plate in foul territory to await a possible play there. U1 Waiting for fair/foul, Catch/no catch After fair/foul, Catch/no catch U1

Routine Fly Ball Two Man Rotation U2 U2 U1 No Runner on Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Routine Fly Ball U2 U2 When the fly ball or line drive to the outfield is a routine play from the normal left fielder’s position through to the normal right fielder’s position, the plate umpire will come out from behind the plate in the direction the ball is hit and will go no farther than an imaginary line between 1st and 3rd to observe the play. If the play results in a routine catch, the plate umpire will make the signal and should audibly inform his/her partner, “That’s a catch, Sam”, so that his/her partner is aware the ball has been caught. If the ball is dropped, the plate umpire should call and signal, “No catch! No catch!” The plate umpire should be completely stopped for these decisions. The base umpire will come in, pivot and take responsibility of the batter-runner. The base umpire should take his/her pivot at approximately the cutout area at 1st base, preferably two to three steps to the 2nd base side of the cutout. Ideally, he/she should time his/her pivot so that it occurs as the batter-runner is touching 1st base. The base umpire should pivot so as to stay ahead of the batter-runner in case he/she should decide to try for extra bases. For this reason, it is best for the base umpire to pivot two or three steps to the 2nd base side of the cutout. After the base umpire has pivoted at 1st base on a base hit to the outfield, if he/she determines that the batter-runner will hold up with a single, he/she should stop and retreat back in the direction of the cutout at 1st but not all the way back to the cutout. U1

Extra Base Hit to the Outfield
Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base Extra Base Hit to the Outfield U2 U2 After the base umpire has pivoted and watched the batter-runner touch 1st base, he/she will then turn and pick up the ball. Then, after he/she has taken a couple steps towards 2nd base, he/she should again glance back and pick up the reactions of the batter-runner . U1

Two Man Rotation U2 U2 U2 U2 U1 U1 No Runner on Base
Extra Base Hit to the Outfield U2 U2 U2 U2 If the batter-runner rounds 1st base and breaks towards 2nd base, the base umpire will see this and will likewise accelerate towards the 2nd base cutout for a possible play there. At this point (after the batter-runner has committed), the base umpire will again pick up the ball to determine whether a play is imminent at 2nd or whether the hit will be a possible triple and react accordingly. As the batter-runner reaches 2nd base, the base umpire must take his/her eye off the ball to watch the batter-runner touch 2nd pick up the ball again as he/she continues to take a couple more steps, but then again take his/her eye off the ball and look back in order to pick up the reactions of the batter-runner as he/she rounds 2nd base. By doing so, the base umpire will determine whether he/she should continue on to 3rd base for a possible play there or whether he/she should retreat back towards 2nd base because that is where the batter-runner will hold up. The base umpire’s continual glancing back and forth between the ball and the runner is necessary in this situation for the umpire to react as quickly as possible to the development of this type of play and consequently be in the best possible position for the play. Once the batter-runner has committed to 2nd base, the plate umpire will retreat into foul territory and set up for any play at the plate. U1 U1

Ground Ball to the Infield
Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base Ground Ball to the Infield U2

Two Man Rotation 3 2 1 1 2 3 U2 U1 No Runner on Base
Ground Ball to the Infield 3 2 1 2 1 3 U2 On a ground ball to the infield with no one on base, the plate umpire will come out from behind home plate by coming around the left side and then proceed to jog (not sprint) down the 1st base line, going no farther than the 30-foot line. He/she should be completely stopped, straddling the foul line, when the play occurs at 1st base. There are four reasons for having the plate umpire come up the line with no one on base: interference by BR out of running lane, overthrows, swipe tag, and pulled foot. With no runners on base, on a ground ball to the infield the base umpire will move from his/her position on the foul line and set up for the play at 1st base. He/she should generally move to a position approximately 10 to 12 feet from the base and such that he/she will be approximately at a right angle to the throw from the infielder. When the base umpire comes in to set up for the play at 1st base, he/she should come off the foul line while facing the batted ball. As the ball is about to reach the fielder, the umpire should square his/her body towards 1st base - with proper distance and angle to the base - while continuing to watch the ball by keeping his/her head turned towards the fielder. Then, as the fielder releases the ball (and the umpire sees that the throw is “true”), he/she will come to a set position (hands on knees as a basic fundamental), turn his/her head towards the base, and focus on the bag while he/she utilizes his/her peripheral vision watching the tag of the base by the runner and the ball hitting the glove. To assist in making this call when it is very close, the base umpire should listen for both the sound of the batter-runners foot hitting the bag and the sound of the thrown ball hitting the 1st baseman’s mitt. The timing of the sounds may provide a better indication as to safe or out than relying solely on visual evidence. U1

Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base 2B Ground Ball to the Infield Near 1st Base U2

Only if Absolutely necessary
Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base Ground Ball to the Infield Near 1st Base 2B Preferred U2 U2 U2 If the ground ball is hit to the 2nd baseman’s left, the base umpire should again try to move into fair territory to make the call (his/her angle would be cut back from the 90º angle in this case). However, if the base umpire feels pressure from the 2nd baseman moving to his/her left (or from the 1st baseman), it is permissible for the base umpire to move into foul territory to take this type of play, keeping in mind the concepts of proper distance and angle to the play while trying to always establish the 90º angle to the play. In this situation, should the ball be overthrown at 1st base, the base umpire must be ready to swing around in front of the cutout at 1st base and then get a wide angle so as to be “ahead” of the batter-runner for any play at 2nd base. Only if Absolutely necessary U1

Two Man Rotation No Runner on Base 2B Bunt to the Infield U2 1B

Two Man Rotation If overthrow at 1st U2 U2 U1 No Runner on Base
Bunt to the Infield 2B U2 Working Area If overthrow at 1st U2 1B If the ground ball is tapped in front of the plate, or down either baseline within the imaginary box area, a unique and different positioning will be used. The imaginary box area is an area formed by two lines, one starting at the 30 foot line on the 1st base line, the other starting at the 30 foot line on the 3rd base line and intersecting at the pitchers mound. In this area when the catcher, pitcher, first baseman or third baseman fields the ball, the base umpire will come into fair territory as far as, but not beyond the 1st to 2nd baseline (avoiding the 2nd baseman moving to cover 1st), and try to establish a 90º angle to the throw. This happens frequently on a half swing or bunt and the theory behind this is that after establishing the 90º angle and there is an overthrow at first base, the base umpire is in a perfect position to take a step or two into the infield “working area” to be ready for any possible play on the batter-runner if he/she decides to advance to second base. This will make it possible for the base umpire to stay ahead of the runner and to be in position for the play at 2nd base. U1

Runner on 1st Base Two Man Rotation U2 R1
With a runner on 1st base only, the base umpire will position himself/herself midway between the second baseman and the 2nd base bag approximately halfway (30 to 40 feet) between 1st and 2nd base and outside the infield/baseline. The umpire’s body should be square to the front edge of home plate and in the “set” position (hands locked lightly on the knees). The base umpire should key this position off of the second baseman and be two to three steps to the side and behind the second baseman’s left shoulder. If the second baseman is shaded to his/her left towards 1st base, the base umpire must adjust his/her position to being off the second baseman’s right shoulder. It is also important to be very careful not to take a position that will be in the line of sight of the right fielder to home plate. If the right fielder asks the umpire to move, DO IT! From this position, the base umpire will be in a good position to watch the pitcher for any violations. Also, to help the plate umpire on half swings or batted balls that strike the batter, to be able to observe if the runner leaves early, and if there could possibly by any obstruction on the runner stealing. It is also a very good starting position from which the base umpire can get into the proper position for any plays. With a few steps or minimal movement, he/she should be able to cover steals at 2nd base, double plays, plays at 1st base only and any possible pick offs at 1st base. It is very important that the base umpire not setup too deep into the outfield or too far towards 1st or 2nd base. That could put the base umpire in a poor position or angle that would make it difficult to properly cover and make the calls on the plays at 1st or 2nd base.

Two Man Rotation U2 Runner on 1st Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield R1 On any ball hit to the outfield in Little League it is important to remember that in all cases the base umpire will come into the infield and pivot. The home plate umpire will have the responsibility for all fly balls and line drives to the outfield. With a runner on 1st base only, the base umpire has responsibility for the tag-up at 1st base. The base umpire also has responsibility for all touches at 1st and 2nd base and will also take the responsibility for the touch of 3rd base by the batter-runner. The plate umpire will have the responsibility for the touch of 3rd base by the runner on 1st base. All touches of home plate, of course, belong to the plate umpire. With a runner on 1st base only, if the fly ball is caught, the base umpire will have the responsibility for any play back into 1st base. In situations where the runner on 1st base starts towards 2nd base on a fly ball and then retreats towards 1st base, should the batter-runner pass this runner in the vicinity of 1st base, the primary responsibility of this infraction would belong to the plate umpire. However, either umpire may make the call.

Runner is tagging Two Man Rotation U2 R1 Runner on 1st Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner is tagging R1

Two Man Rotation U2 R1 U1 Runner on 1st Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner is tagging Working Area R1 As the ball is batted the plate umpire will clear the catcher to the left, remove the mask, and move into a position that he/she feels will give the best opportunity to view the entire field and the play (normally a few feet into foul territory and up the third base line). Whenever the plate umpire is moving into a position to make a call on a fly ball or line drive to the outfield, he/she must keep in mind that he should never go straight at the fielder who is going to make the play. The plate umpire should always move at an angle to the play in case the routine play turns into a last second shoe top catch attempt. With this angle to the fielder, the plate umpire will be in a better position to see if the fielder makes a clean catch or perhaps it was a trapped ball. If the runner at 1st base is tagging or holding, the base umpire will go directly into the infield. The base umpire will go directly in and pivot to watch for the tag up by the base runner; the touch of 1st base by the batter-runner; that there is no obstruction or that the batter-runner does not pass the base runner. The base umpire should set himself/herself up within the area behind the pitchers mound that is commonly called the “working area”. This is an area approximately 15 to 18 feet long; about 3 to 4 feet wide and about 10 to 12 feet behind the pitchers mound. From this area the base umpire is in a good position to perform his/her responsibilities and for moving into the proper position and angle as the plays develop. U1

Runner is NOT tagging Two Man Rotation U2 R1 U1 Runner on 1st Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner is NOT tagging R1 U1

Two Man Rotation U2 R1 U1 Runner on 1st Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner is NOT tagging Working Area R1 If the runner is moving on the pitch or hit, the base umpire must be alert to possibly allow the runner from 1st base to pass in front of him/her before going into the infield “working area”. U1

If play at 3rd, then overthrow
Two Man Rotation U2 Runner on 1st Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner is NOT tagging U2 follows BR If play at 3rd R1 U1 If play at 3rd, then overthrow When R1 commits to 3rd, U1 picks up responsibility for R1 and U2 picks up the batter runner. If there will be a play on R1 at 3rd, U1 will move into the cutout area at 3rd base and communicate loudly to his/her partner “I’ve got 3rd, Sam! I’ve got 3rd.” If there is an overthrow on the play at 3rd and R1 heads for home, U1 will move back toward home plate, staying in fair territory, to make the call at home. U1 U1

Two Man Rotation If no play at 3rd U2 U2 follows BR R1 U1 U1
Runner on 1st Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner is NOT tagging U2 follows BR R1 If there is no play at 3rd on R1, U1 will drift back toward home in foul territory to take a call there should R1 attempt to score. U1 If no play at 3rd U1

Two Man Rotation U2 Runner on 1st Base Fly Ball Down Right Field Line R1

Waiting for fair/foul, Catch/no catch After fair/foul, Catch/no catch
Two Man Rotation U2 Runner on 1st Base Fly Ball Down Right Field Line Working Area Working Area R1 When the fly ball or line drive to the outfield causes the right fielder to have to move toward the right field foul line, the plate umpire has both fair/foul and catch/no catch responsibilities, in that order. The plate umpire will clear the catcher and batter to their left and move to a position 20’-30’ up the 1st base line and stop to watch the ball with his/her belt buckle centered on the 1st base foul line. From that stationary position, the plate umpire will follow the same fair/foul, catch/no catch mechanics provided previously. The base umpire moves to the infield and sets up in the working area to watch R1 tag and to await for a possible play at 2nd base. After making the fair/foul, catch/no catch decisions, the plate umpire will move back to the 3rd base side of home plate in foul territory to await a possible play there. Unlike other fly balls with a runner on first, a fly ball down the right field line means that the base umpire has responsibility for plays at all bases, including 3rd base. Therefore, after the catch/no catch, the base umpire must move to a new working area nearer 3rd base to be ready if a play develops there. U1 Waiting for fair/foul, Catch/no catch After fair/foul, Catch/no catch U1

Ground Ball Hit to the Infield
Two Man Rotation U2 Runner on 1st Base Ground Ball Hit to the Infield R1

Two Man Rotation If Double Play Attempt U2 U2 U2 R1 U1
Runner on 1st Base Ground Ball Hit to the Infield If Double Play Attempt U2 U2 R1 With a runner on 1st base only, on a ground ball to the infield (other than those rolling down the foul lines), the plate umpire will swing out from behind the plate a few feet into foul territory in the direction of 3rd base. He/she will be moving towards 3rd base in case the runner originally on 1st should attempt 3rd on the play, in which case the play at 3rd base would belong to the plate umpire. With a runner on 1st base only, on any ground ball to the infield, the base umpire will step up and turn with the ball, facing the fielder as he/she is fielding the ball. With less than two out the double play is in order and the base umpire must react with good anticipation as to how the play will develop. If the base umpire reads that a double-play attempt will occur, he/she would use the double-play mechanic as follows: The base umpire will step up, turn with the ball, and will stay in the approximate position he/she started, taking no more than a step or two in any direction. As the ball is being thrown to 2nd base, he/she will turn with the ball and be set for the play at 2nd. When the decision is rendered at 2nd base, he/she will turn and set up an angle for the play at 1st base by taking several steps in the direction of the foul line (individual agility and speed will determine how many steps are possible). The base umpire should be completely stopped and set for each play. It is also important that the base umpire NOT drift towards 1st base more than a step or two as the ball is originally fielded and thrown to 2nd base so as not to be too far from the play at 2nd base when it occurs. (The intent is to have the base umpire remain in good position for potential “problems” at 2nd base, including, but not limited to: bobbled balls, dropped balls, close plays, possible interference, etc.). U1

Runner on 2nd Base Two Man Rotation U2 R2
With a runner on 2nd base only, the base umpire will position himself/herself two to three steps behind and two to three steps to the left of the shortstop when the shortstop is in his/her normal position. If the shortstop is crowding towards or playing exceptionally close to the 2nd base bag the base umpire should take a position to the right of the shortstop but no further than halfway between the 2nd and 3rd base bags (about 20 to 30 feet from the 2nd base bag). When taking this alternate position the base umpire must be able to have an unobstructed view of home plate and must be careful that he/she is not in the left fielders line of sight to home plate. The umpire’s body should be squared to the front edge of home plate, the umpire should be in a good set position watching the pitcher for any violations, following the pitch to the batter and to be ready to help the home plate umpire if the need arises. This is the same positioning that will be used with a runner on 3rd base only, runners on 1st and 2nd, 2nd and 3rd bases or when the bases are loaded. This initial positioning with a runner on 2nd base only is very important. The umpires should make sure that they are not too deep or shaded too far towards either base when they assume this position. Being too deep or shaded too far either way could place the umpire at a poor angle or distance to be able to react and make a good, well educated call on the play. If the umpire is positioned as described in the first paragraph above, he/she will be in a good starting position for steals at 3rd base as well as other plays to the infield including runners leaving before the ball reaches the batter.

Two Man Rotation Runner on 2nd Base U2 R2 Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield

Runner Tags Two Man Rotation U2 R2 Runner on 2nd Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 R2 Runner Tags

Two Man Rotation U2 R2 U2 U1 Runner on 2nd Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner Tags U2 R2 Working Area U2 As the ball is batted, the plate umpire will clear the catcher, remove his/her mask and move into a position that will give the umpire the best view of the entire field and the play. On a routine fly ball or line drive from the normal left fielder’s position across and through to the normal right fielder’s position, the plate umpire will swing out a few feet into foul territory (3 to 6 feet) and slide up the 3rd baseline in foul territory. This location will give him/her the best angle and position to properly see the catch and to be in a position to see the tagup at 2nd base, in case the base umpire should need any help. This position will normally not be any further from home plate than 15 to 25 feet, always keeping in mind that the plate umpire must have enough time to return to home plate and be set for any possible play there, especially if the fly ball is dropped. The base umpire will move directly and quickly (always under control) into the infield and pivot. The base umpire must always be aware of the presence of the runner at 2nd base and be able to cross into the infield without getting involved in a collision if the runner is breaking on the fly ball or is returning to the 2nd base bag to tag up. The base umpire will pivot into the “working area” and be responsible for the runner tagging up at 2nd base as well as the batter-runner touching 1st base. The base umpire will also be responsible for the play at 3rd base should the runner at 2nd base tag; or any play on that runner going back into 2nd base or any play at 1st, 2nd or 3rd base should the ball not be caught. U1

Runner Going Two Man Rotation U2 R2 Runner on 2nd Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 R2 Runner Going

Two Man Rotation U2 R2 U1 Runner on 2nd Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Runner Going U2 R2 Working Area With a runner on 2nd base only, on an obvious base hit to the outfield (i.e., no possible fair/foul or catch/no catch on the play), the plate umpire will stay home, and the base umpire will have responsibility for any plays at 1st, 2nd and 3rd The plate umpire will swing out from behind home plate a few feet into foul territory in the direction of 3rd base to watch the runner from 2nd touch 3rd and to observe the play. As the ball is hit to the outfield, the base umpire will step up, move into the infield, turn with the ball, and backup only two or three steps towards the mound (into the “working area”) to open up the playing field. He/she has the responsibility of the touch of 1st by the batter-runner. When the base umpire has multiple runner responsibilities if no play develops after the fly ball or base hit, the base umpire should maintain his/her basic position in the “working area” and not be drawn unnecessarily towards a base without a potential play developing there. If, on the other hand, the base umpire has only a single runner responsibility after the fly ball, then after the catch he/she should drift in the direction of this single runner. U1

Ground Ball Hit to the Infield
Two Man Rotation Runner on 2nd Base U2 R2 Ground Ball Hit to the Infield With a runner on 2nd base only, on a ground ball to the infield the plate umpire will stay home, and the base umpire will cover all plays at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd.

Two Man Rotation If 1st play at 3rd U2 R2 U2 U1 Runner on 2nd Base
Ground Ball Hit to the Infield U2 Working Area R2 If 1st play at 3rd U2 On a ground ball to the infield (other than those rolling down the foul lines), the plate umpire will swing out from behind home plate a few feet into foul territory in the direction of 3rd base to observe the play. He/she will be responsible for the touch of 3rd base by the runner from 2nd and will stay at home for any possible play there. With a runner on 2nd base only, on a ground ball to the infield the base umpire will stay out and turn with the ball, facing the fielder as he/she is fielding the ball. The base umpire will take two to three steps from the “C” position towards the thirty foot line on the 1st baseline and must then react to the development of the play with good anticipation as to how the play may develop. He/she must let the ball take him/her to the play and be aware of the concepts of proper distance and angle to the play as well as being completely stopped and set for the play. He/she must recognize that there are several possibilities as to how the play might develop, and he/she must react accordingly. If the initial play by the infielder is made on R3 at 3rd, the base umpire has the call. U1

If play at 3rd after play at 1st
Two Man Rotation Runner on 2nd Base Ground Ball Hit to the Infield U2 Working Area R2 U2 If 1st play at 1st If play at 3rd after play at 1st U2 If the initial play by the infielder is made on the batter-runner at 1st base, the base umpire must be aware that any following play on the runner originally on 2nd base also belongs to the base umpire. The base umpire must bounce back towards that runner after the play at 1st base. U1

Runner on 3rd Base Two Man Rotation U2 R3 Runner on 3rd Base
With a runner on 3rd base only, the base umpire will position himself in exactly the same manner as with a runner on 2nd base only.

Two Man Rotation Runner on 3rd Base U2 Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield R3 With a runner on 3rd base only, fly ball and line drive responsibilities for balls hit to the outfield belong to the home plate umpire as described previously. As is the case anytime runners are on base, it is important that the two umpires communicate after the ball is hit on fly balls and line drives to the outfield, particularly when balls are hit to the left or right fielder. With a runner on 3rd base only, on any fly ball or line drive to the outfield the plate umpire is responsible for the runner tagging up at 3rd base. The base umpire is responsible for the batter-runner touching 1st base. The base umpire is also responsible for any play on the runner on 3rd going back into 3rd base as well as any play at 1st, 2nd, or 3rd should the ball not be caught.

Fly Ball Down Left Field Line
Two Man Rotation Runner on 3rd Base U2 Fly Ball Down Left Field Line R3

Two Man Rotation After fair/foul, Catch/no catch, R3 Tag
Runner on 3rd Base Fly Ball Down Left Field Line U2 U2 follows BR R3 If the fly ball or line drive causes the left fielder to move any distance to his/her right or if there may be a question as to whether the ball will be fair or foul, the plate umpire will clear the catcher, remove his/her mask and take a position straddling the third base line extended approximately 3 to 6 feet from the point of home plate. On the 60-foot diamond this position will give the plate umpire a good view to line up the ball in relationship to home plate and the left field foul pole and line. Due to the smaller dimensions, the plate umpire will be no further away from the play than he/she would be if he/she went up the line on a 90-foot diamond to make the call. This position will also save the plate umpire from any possible embarrassment or unnecessary comments because he/she was concentrating on the play and did not react quick enough or the umpire under estimated the speed of the runner on 3rd base due to the closeness of 3rd base and the runner arrived at home plate before the umpire was able to set up to make the call on the play or that the runner and the plate umpire collided as the plate umpire was trying to return to home plate. After fair/foul, Catch/no catch, R3 Tag Waiting for fair/foul, Catch/no catch, R3 Tag U1 U1

Two Man Rotation Runner on 3rd Base U2 Fly Ball Down Right Field Line R3

Two Man Rotation After fair/foul, Waiting for fair/foul,
Runner on 3rd Base Fly Ball Down Right Field Line U2 U2 follows BR R3 If the fly ball or line drive causes the right fielder to move any distance to his/her left or if there may be a question as to whether the ball is fair or foul, the plate umpire will clear the catcher, remove his/her mask and take a position straddling the first base line extended approximately 3 to 6 feet from the point of home plate. On the 60-foot diamond this position will give the plate umpire a good view to line up the ball in relationship to home plate and the right field foul pole and the line. Due to the smaller dimensions, the plate umpire will be no further away from the play than he/she would be if he/she went up the line on a 90-foot diamond to make the call. Since the plate umpire has responsibility for the tag up at 3rd base, he/she must use peripheral vision or take a quick glance to his/her left at 3rd base after the ball is touched to adjudge the tag up at 3rd base. He/she will then quickly direct his/her attention back to the right fielder for the catch or no catch, always remembering that he/she must establish fair/foul first and then rule on the catch/no catch. This is probably one of the toughest mechanics and calls to make, but by using this mechanic there is less movement involved and less chance to be caught out of a position to rule on the catch and to make the ruling on the runner tagging from 3rd base. The plate umpire must remember that his/her first priority is the ball. U1 After fair/foul, Catch/no catch, R3 Tag Waiting for fair/foul, Catch/no catch, R3 Tag U1

Routine Fly Ball or Line Drive to the Outfield
Two Man Rotation Runner on 3rd Base U2 Routine Fly Ball or Line Drive to the Outfield R3

Two Man Rotation U2 U2 follows BR R3 U1 U1 Runner on 3rd Base
Routine Fly Ball or Line Drive to the Outfield U2 U2 follows BR R3 When the fly ball or line drive to the outfield is a routine play from the normal left fielder’s position through to the normal right fielder’s position, the plate umpire will clear the catcher, remove his/her mask and swing out from foul territory to his/her left (usually in the general direction of the 3rd base dugout) in order to line up for the tag up at 3rd base. The home plate umpire will swing out from the home plate area BUT only so far that he/she is CERTAIN that he/she will have ample time to get back to home plate for any possible play there on the runner coming from 3rd base. The base umpire will move directly and quickly into the infield and pivot into the “working area” behind the pitcher’s mound. Being in this position will open up the playing field to observe the batter-runner touching 1st base and to be able to watch for any obstruction/interference at the 1st base area. It will also put the base umpire into a position that with a quick glance to help out with the catch/no catch if the home plate umpire needs any assistance. U1 U1

Two Man Rotation Runner on 3rd Base U2 Ground Ball to the Infield R3 With a runner on 3rd base only, on a ground ball to the infield the plate umpire will stay home, and the base umpire will cover all plays at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd.

Two Man Rotation U2 U2 R3 U1 Runner on 3rd Base
Ground Ball to the Infield U2 U2 R3 On a ground ball to the infield (other than those rolling down the foul lines), the plate umpire will swing out from behind home plate a few feet into foul territory in the direction of 3rd base to observe the play. He/she must be prepared to move into position for the play at home plate on the runner from 3rd base. The base umpire will step up with the ball, and normally he/she will drift a few steps in the direction of the 30-foot line, anticipating a play at 1st base. However, he/she must be aware of situations where the play might be made at 3rd base instead, and consequently he/she must react with good anticipation as to how the play may develop. If the play goes to 1st base, the base umpire will take a few more steps towards the 30-foot line, set, and make the call at 1st base. Immediately after the play at 1st the base umpire must quickly bounce back towards the other runner at 3rd, always anticipating a subsequent throw to that base. U1

Runners on 1st and 2nd Base
Two Man Rotation U2 R2 Runners on 1st and 2nd Base R1 With runners on 1st and 2nd, the base umpire will position himself/herself in exactly the same manner as with a runner on 2nd base only

Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st and 2nd Base U2 R2 Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield R1 With runners on 1st and 2nd fly ball and line drive responsibilities for balls hit to the outfield belong to the home plate umpire. The base umpire is responsible for the tag-up at 1st base and, as in the case of any multiple runners, the home plate umpire will take the responsibility of the lead runner tagging up and the base umpire will have responsibility for the tag-up by the trailing runner.

Possible catch, runners tag and go Two Man Rotation U2 R2 R1
Runners on 1st and 2nd Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 R2 Possible catch, runners tag and go R1

If play at 3rd If no play at 3rd
Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st and 2nd Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Possible catch, runners tag and go U2 R2 Working Area R1 U1 If play at 3rd Should the ball be caught, the base umpire is responsible for plays back into 2nd or 1st. The plate umpire is responsible for the tag up at 2nd base and the play at 3rd base if the runner at 2nd tags up and advances. If a play develops at 3rd, the plate umpire moves into the cut out in fair territory to make the call. If no play develops at 3rd, the plate umpire prepares for a possible play at the plate. U1 If no play at 3rd U1

Clean hit, no tag Two Man Rotation U2 R2 R1
Runners on 1st and 2nd Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 R2 Clean hit, no tag R1 With runners on 1st and 2nd, on an obvious base hit to the outfield (i.e., no possible fair/foul or catch/no catch), the plate umpire will stay home, and the base umpire will have responsibility for all plays at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd.

Two Man Rotation U2 R2 R1 U1 Runners on 1st and 2nd Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield Clean hit, no tag U2 R2 Working Area R1 The plate umpire will swing out from behind home plate a few feet into foul territory in the direction of 3rd base to observe the play and watch all runners touch 3rd (except for batter runner) as well as watching all runners touch home plate. As the ball is hit to the outfield, the base umpire will step up, move into the infield, turn with the ball, and back up only two or three steps towards the mound (into the “working area”) to open up the playing field. He/she has responsibility of all touches of 1st and 2nd as well as the touch of 3rd by the batter-runner. As the ball is being thrown to the infield with multiple runners on base, the base umpire should not drift (or commit) unnecessarily towards a base. Instead, he/she should let the ball take him/her to the play, but if no play develops (or is anticipated) on the bases, he/she would basically maintain his/her position within the “working area.” In other words, if the runners simply advance and no play develops or is anticipated anywhere on the bases, the base umpire will basically stay within the “working area.” Only when the umpire anticipates the potential for a play should he/she move out of the “working area” and into a position for his/her play. This is an important concept and mechanic and applies to all situations when more than one runner is on base --- not just with runners on 1st and 2nd U1

Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st and 2nd Base U2 R2 Fly Ball Down Right Field Line R1

Two Man Rotation U2 R2 R1 U1 U1 Runners on 1st and 2nd Base
Fly Ball Down Right Field Line U2 R2 Working Area R1 If the fly ball or line drive causes the right fielder to move any distance towards the right field line or there may be a question as to whether the ball is fair or foul, the plate umpire will communicate loudly to his/her partner, “I’m on the line, Sam!” to indicate that he/she is on the foul line. The plate umpire will move up the 1st base line to observe and will rule on the play BUT only so far that he/she is certain he/she will have enough time to get back to home plate for any possible play there. The base umpire will take responsibility for all plays at 1st, 2nd and 3rd on all runners. After the call on the fly ball, the plate umpire will quickly move in foul territory to the 3rd base side of home plate to take any play at home. U1 U1

Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st and 2nd Base U2 R2 Ground Ball to the Infield R1

If play at 3rd after play at 1st or 2nd
Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st and 2nd Base Ground Ball to the Infield U2 Working Area R2 U2 If play at 3rd after play at 1st or 2nd U2 R1 With runners on 1st and 2nd, on a ground ball to the infield (other than those rolling down the foul lines), the plate umpire will swing out from behind home plate a few feet into foul territory in the direction of 3rd base. He/she will, however, stay home. He/she is responsible for watching the runner from 2nd touch 3rd as well as taking all plays at the plate. If the ground ball is rolling down either foul line, the plate umpire will straddle the line to make the call and then bounce back home quickly in order to be prepared for any potential play at the plate. The base umpire will step up and turn with the ball, facing the infielder as he/she is fielding the ball. With less than two out the double play is in order and the base umpire must react with good anticipation as to how the play will develop. If the base umpire reads that a 2nd-to-1st double play attempt will occur, he/she would use the double-play mechanic. On a ground ball to the infield with runners on 1st and 2nd, the base umpire must recognize that there are several possibilities other than the 2nd-to-1st double play that could occur. These would include a 3rd-to-1st double play; a play at 1st base followed by a subsequent play at 2nd or 3rd; a 3rd-to-2nd double play; a play at 1st base only; the ball getting past the infielder and going into the outfield; a play at 3rd base only; a ball fielded by the catcher and thrown to 3rd base (i.e., sacrifice bunt attempt); as well as several other possibilities. Therefore, it is extremely important in these situations that the base umpire does not over-commit prematurely, that he/she shows good reactions to the development of the play, that he/she lets the ball take him/her to the play, and that he/she bounces back towards the other runners after the initial play. U1

Runners on 1st and 3rd Base
Two Man Rotation U2 Runners on 1st and 3rd Base R1 R3 With a runner on 1st and 3rd, the base umpire will position himself/herself in exactly the same manner as with a runner on 2nd base only

Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st and 3rd Base U2 Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield R1 R3 With runners on 1st and 3rd, the responsibility for all fly balls and line drives to the outfield belongs to the home plate umpire.

Two Man Rotation U2 R1 R3 U1 U1 Runners on 1st and 3rd Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 Working Area R1 R3 When the fly ball or line drive to the outfield is routine, from the left fielder’s normal position through centerfield to the right fielder’s normal position, the plate umpire will clear the catcher, remove his/her mask and swing out from home plate into foul territory to his/her left (usually in the general direction of the 3rd base dugout) in order to line up for the tag-up at 3rd base. The base umpire will move directly and quickly into the infield and pivot into the “working area” behind the pitchers mound. This position will open up the playing field for the base umpire to observe the tag-up of the runner at 1st base, the batter-runner touching 1st base, any play on the runner at 3rd base going back into 3rd base. Also any play at 1st, 2nd or 3rd base should the ball not be caught. If the ball is not caught, all the touches of the bases by the batter-runner and any possible obstruction calls on the bases would be the responsibility of the base umpire. Once the plate umpire has completed his duties with respect to the fly ball and the runner’s tag at 3rd, he will return to a position near home plate to be ready for a possible play at home. U1 U1

Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st and 3rd Base U2 Ground Ball to the Infield R1 R3 With runners on 1st and 3rd base, on a ground ball to the infield, the base umpire will be responsible for all plays at 1st, 2nd and 3rd bases, including a subsequent play at 3rd base on the runner advancing from 1st base. The plate umpire will be responsible for all plays at home plate and will put himself/herself in the best angle and position to observe the entire field. From this position he/she will be able to provide the base umpire with any assistance or backup that he/she may possibly need on any play at any base.

Two Man Rotation U2 U2 R1 R3 U1 Runners on 1st and 3rd Base
Ground Ball to the Infield U2 U2 R1 R3 With runners on 1st and 3rd base, on a ground ball to the infield (except those rolling down the foul lines), the plate umpire will swing out from behind home plate, clearing the catcher, removing his/her mask, a few feet into foul territory, normally somewhere near the 1st base line extended. The plate umpire must be aware of the potential play at home plate on the runner coming from 3rd base, especially if it may be a delayed advance. The base umpire will remain outside and turn with the ball, facing the fielder as he/she is fielding the ball. The base umpire must recognize that there are several possibilities that may occur on the ground ball. If a 2nd-to-1st double play occurs, the base umpire would cover this as described previously. There are, of course, many other ways the play could develop such as, but not limited to: a play directly to 3rd base; a play at 3rd base followed by a rundown; a play only at 2nd base; a play only at 1st base; a play at 1st base followed by a play at 3rd base on the runner from 1st; the ball getting by the infielder and going into the outfield; as well as several other possibilities. It is therefore extremely important in these situations that the base umpire does not over-commit prematurely, that he/she shows good reactions to the development of the play, that he/she lets the ball take him/her to the play, and that he/she bounces back towards the other runner(s) after the initial play. U1

Runners on 2nd and 3rd Base
Two Man Rotation U2 R2 Runners on 2nd and 3rd Base R3 The base umpire will position himself/herself exactly the same as with a runner on 2nd base only.

Two Man Rotation Runners on 2nd and 3rd Base U2 R2 Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield R3 With runners on 2nd and 3rd, fly ball and line drive responsibilities for balls hit to the outfield belong to the home plate umpire. The plate umpire is responsible for the tag-up at 3rd base as well as any play at the plate on the runner advancing from 3rd base. The base umpire is responsible for the tag-up at 2nd base, for the play at 3rd base if the runner at 2nd advances, and for the touch of 1st base by the batter-runner. The base umpire is also responsible for plays on either runner going back into 2nd or 3rd if the ball is caught; as well as all plays at 1st, 2nd, or 3rd should the ball not be caught.

Two Man Rotation U2 R2 R3 U1 Runners on 2nd and 3rd Base
Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 R2 Working Area R3 The plate umpire will clear the catcher, remove his/her mask and swing out several steps to the left in foul territory (in the general direction of the 3rd base dugout) in order to line up for the tag-up at 3rd base. After the touch of the ball and the tag-up, the plate umpire will immediately bounce back to home plate, setting up for a possible play at home plate on the runner coming from 3rd base. The actual distance and direction the plate umpire swings out to the left will vary depending on the direction the fly ball is hit, and in most cases it will not be possible for the plate umpire to have an exact line on the tag-up, however, by swinging out to the left this will help decrease the angle for lining up the ball and the tag-up at 3rd base. The base umpire will move directly and quickly into the infield. The base umpire must be alert to how many outs and to whether the runner is moving after the pitch. The umpire should always allow the runner to pass first if the runner is advancing towards 3rd base. If the runner is not advancing, the umpire will go straight in. Once the base umpire is within the infield he/she will pivot into the “working area” behind the pitchers mound. This position will open up the playing field for the base umpire to observe the tag-up of the runner at 2nd base, the batter-runner touching 1st base, any play if the runner from 2nd advances to 3rd base, any play on either runner going back into 2nd or 3rd base if the ball is caught; as well as all plays and touches at 1st and 2nd base and also the batter-runner touching 3rd base should the ball not be caught. U1

Two Man Rotation Runners on 2nd and 3rd Base U2 R2 Ground Ball to the Infield R3

Two Man Rotation U2 R2 U2 R3 U1 Runners on 2nd and 3rd Base
Ground Ball to the Infield U2 Working Area R2 U2 R3 With runners on 2nd and 3rd, ground balls to the infield, the plate umpire will handle the situation in the same manner as with a runner on 3rd base only. However, the base umpire must wait in his working area to determine where the play will be made. There might be a tag attempt on R2, a throw to 3rd in an attempt to get R2 there, a throw to 1st or a throw home. The base umpire has all plays on the bases and must pause, read, and react to whatever happens. For example, if the throw goes to first, the base umpire will move closer to the 30 foot lane on the 1st base line to get a closer view. U1

Two Man Rotation U2 R2 U2 R3 U1 Runners on 2nd and 3rd Base
Ground Ball to the Infield U2 Working Area R2 U2 R3 However, if the throw goes to 3rd, the base umpire must move in that direction to get a good view of the impending tag play. U1

Runners on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Base
Two Man Rotation U2 R2 Runners on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Base R1 R3 With bases loaded, the base umpire will position himself/herself in exactly the same manner as with a runner on 2nd base only.

Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Base U2 R2 Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield R1 R3 With bases loaded fly ball and line drive responsibilities for balls hit to the outfield belong to the home plate umpire. The plate umpire is responsible for the tag-up at 3rd base as well as any play at the plate on the runner advancing from 3rd base. The base umpire is responsible for tag-ups at 1st and 2nd as well as all plays at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd. The base umpire is also responsible for plays on any runner going back into 1st, 2nd, or 3rd base after the catch; as well as all plays at 1st, 2nd, or 3rd base should the ball not be caught. The base umpire also has responsibility of the touch at 1st base by the batter-runner.

U2 lets ball take him to play
Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Base Fly Ball or Line Drive Hit to the Outfield U2 R2 U2 Working Area R1 U2 R3 The plate umpire will clear the catcher, remove his/her mask and swing out several steps to the left in foul territory (in the general direction of the 3rd base dugout) in order to line up for the tag-up at 3rd base. After the touch of the ball and the tag-up the plate umpire will immediately bounce back to home plate, setting up for a possible play on the runner coming from 3rd base. The actual distance and direction the plate umpire swings out to the left will vary depending on the direction the fly ball is hit and in most cases it will not be possible for the plate umpire to have an exact line on the tag-up, however by swinging out to the left this will help decrease the angle for lining up the ball and the tag up at 3rd base. The base umpire will move directly and quickly into the infield. The base umpire must be alert to how many outs and to whether the runner is moving after the pitch and the umpire should always allow the runner to pass first if the runner is advancing towards 3rd base. If the runner is not advancing, the umpire will go straight in. Once the umpire is within the infield he/she will pivot into the “working area” behind the pitcher’s mound. This position will open up the playing field for the base umpire to observe the tag-ups at 2nd and 1st base, as well as all plays at 1st, 2nd or 3rd bases, for any plays on any runner going back into 1st, 2nd or 3rd base after the catch, for any plays at 1st, 2nd or 3rd base should the ball not be caught, for the touches of 1st and 2nd base, and the touches of 1st, 2nd and 3rd base by the batter-runner U1

Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Base U2 R2 Ground Ball to the Infield R1 R3 With the bases loaded, on a ground ball to the infield the plate umpire will stay home, and the base umpire will cover all plays at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd.

U2 lets ball take him to play
Two Man Rotation Runners on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Base Ground Ball to the Infield U2 Working Area R2 U2 U2 R1 R3 The plate umpire will swing out from behind home plate only a few feet into foul territory in the direction of 3rd base to observe the play. He/she must be prepared to move quickly into position for a play at home plate on the runner from 3rd base (potential force or tag play). If the ground ball is up the 1st base line, the plate umpire will take the fair/foul from behind the plate, straddling the 1st base line extended. If the ground ball is up the 3rd base line, the plate umpire will take the fair/foul from behind the plate, straddling the 3rd base line. In either case, the plate umpire must be prepared for a play at the plate. The base umpire will step up and turn with the ball, facing the fielder as he/she is fielding the ball. He/she will NOT move into the infield. With less than two out the double play is in order, and if the base umpire anticipates that a 2nd-to-1st double play will develop, he/she will cover the play according to the double-play mechanics. On a ground ball to the infield with bases loaded, the base umpire must recognize that there are several possibilities other than the 2nd-to-1st double play that could occur. Therefore, it is extremely important in these situations that the base umpire does not over-commit prematurely, that he/she shows good reactions to the development of the play, that he/she lets the ball take him/her to the play, and that he/she bounces back towards the other runners after any initial play on the bases. U1

Two Man Rotation That’s all, Folks!

QUIZ TIME!!!

With a slow runner at first and two outs, the base umpire may stay in the A position.
FALSE

A ground ball that hits third base and then goes into Foul Territory is a Fair Ball.
TRUE

A Pitcher gets as many pitches as he wants to warm up between innings.
FALSE

A Batted ball that strikes home plate shall be called foul.
FALSE

A runner advances a base on a ball tipped into the glove of the catcher – the runner must return to base. FALSE

A batted ball hits the pitching rubber and settles into foul territory
A batted ball hits the pitching rubber and settles into foul territory. – Foul Ball TRUE

A pitched ball that hits the batter is ALWAYS a dead ball and the batter is awarded first base.
FALSE

The base umpire should position himself in fair territory before the pitch.
FALSE

The plate umpire makes all foul ball calls.
TRUE

How much time is there between innings?
1 minute

It is OK to sit down and chat with the base umpire between innings?
NEVER!!!

With an 0-2 count and a runner at first, the batter bunts the ball into Foul Territory. The runner goes to second. This is a …. Strike. The ball is Dead, the batter is Out, and the runner must return to first.

Batter is awarded 1st base, ball is dead.
The pitch bounces before it reaches home plate. After bouncing, the pitch hits the batter. Batter is awarded 1st base, ball is dead.

FALSE But he must avoid contact!
At all levels of play; the runner must slide if the defensive player is fielding the ball on a close play, or has the ball. FALSE But he must avoid contact!

FOUL BALL!!! Position of ball, not fielder determines fair or foul.
Fly ball to outfield, fielder standing in fair territory, touches ball in foul territory and drops it…Fair or Foul? FOUL BALL!!! Position of ball, not fielder determines fair or foul.

Runner must make an attempt to go to second no matter which way
Batter hits the ball to 2nd. He runs straight through 1st base, not turning to the right. He moves back to 1st immediately and is tagged by the 1st baseman. Safe or out? Safe! Runner must make an attempt to go to second no matter which way he/she turns!

UMPIRE PAYMENT SCHEDULE
MCYBA 2009 UMPIRE PAYMENT SCHEDULE PEE WEE MINOR PLATE MINOR BASE MAJOR PLATE MAJOR BASE SENIOR PLATE SENIOR BASE Level 1 15 12 10 17 Level 2 20 Level 3 22 25

OK. So let’s get started. For those who have umpired before…what is the umpire’s #1 Responsibility?

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OK. So let’s get started. For those who have umpired before…what is the umpire’s #1 Responsibility?

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Presentation on theme: "OK. So let’s get started. For those who have umpired before…what is the umpire’s #1 Responsibility?"— Presentation transcript:

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