1. Shaoshan Luo 3302787

2.  Author & Essay Introduction  Traditional ways  Problem Statement  * Clarify the GPS Traces  Remark

3.  Published in 2009  Cited 7 times  Author: Lili Cao & John Krumm

4. John Krumm Microsoft Research Microsoft Corporation

5. Specialized vehicles roaming the road network Specialized vehicles roaming the road network →expensive, limited →expensive, limited Combine of GPS traces and satellite images Combine of GPS traces and satellite images →depends on manual editing →depends on manual editing Traditional ways

6.  The way we want to achieve 1.Using GPS traces from nonspecialized vehicles 2.Relatively inexpensive 3.Minimum human intervention

7.  GPS noise  Diversity and complexity of the road/city structure.

8. Attraction Force Spring Force Repelling Force

10. Differentiating lanes of opposite directions

14.  Only take the GPS noise in account  Only map the connectivity and geometry of the roads  Robust?