1. Water Notes Pages: 12 – 20 Water Quality Book

2. Groundwater Groundwater is stored underground It may be very young or very old water (put there recently or a long time ago) Aquifer: “Porous” rock that can hold water Porous: has tiny holes

3. Groundwater is finite: Limited Groundwater flows underground and can move quickly or slowly. (Inches per year – feet per day) When water falls on the surface of the earth it can seep into the ground. If the soil is polluted, then the groundwater will be polluted.

4. Acid Rain pH Scale: 1……Acids…….7…….Bases………14 Acids: Less than pH of 7 taste sour can dissolve metals pH less than 7 Neutral: 7 Bases: Greater than a pH of 7 taste bitter feel slippery pH greater than 7

5. Buffer A substance that will neutralize an acid or a base. Neutralization: When acids and bases cancel each other out. (make them a pH of 7 - Neutral) Acid Rain: pH less than 5.6 Can come from Car exhaust – Coal burning Factories

6. Strength of an Acid or Base Every time you move one number on the pH scale, it changes the strength of the acid or base by 10X. 7 8 9 10 10X 10X 10X

7. Dams Uses for Dams River travel – barges Electricity Dams can be harmful: *Impounded water: floods the land *Increases water temp.(harms fish) Anadramous Fish: fish need to swim upstream to lay eggs Fish can not get over the Dams. (Use Fish Ladders)