1. 21-08-0226-001 IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER Title: Market Need for MRPM Date Submitted: July 16, 2008 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #27 in Denver Authors or Source(s): Kevin A. Noll (Time Warner Cable) Abstract: A brief discussion of the market need for standardized Multi-Radio Management.

2. 21-08-0226-002 IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21. The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html> Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manualhttp://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3 http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html

3. 21-08-0226-003 Multi-Interface Market Why do devices have multiple interfaces? Ubiquitous access! Migration to new technologies

4. 21-08-0226-004 Multi-Radio Market The market is seeing the introduction of many dual-radio devices. For Example: GSM/WiFi and CMDA2000/WiFi phones EV-DO/WiMax on Cardbus EV-DO/WiMax on USB WiMax/WiFi on PCI-Express

5. 21-08-0226-005 Dual-Radio Market Also consider: The typical laptop with integrated wired and wireless LAN interfaces New Mobile Internet Devices (MID) and Ultra-Mobile PC (UMPC) These are just examples. Many other variations are on the horizon.

6. 21-08-0226-006 Service Provider Desires Provide the user with ubiquitous and “seamless” access Note a movement among some service providers to “share” access networks, especially where the underlying technology (e.g. WiMax, WiFi) tends to encourage this Note also a movement from consumers to have ubiquitous access from a single service provider (e.g. many WiFi hotspot providers and ISP aggregators)

7. 21-08-0226-007 Service Provider Desires An optimal end-user experience where the user is not bothered by: Having to discover available networks Selecting the best network (based on cost, performance, or other criteria) Setting the criteria for the “best network” Concern for battery life on the platform in use Enabling and disabling interfaces

8. 21-08-0226-008 Service Provider Desires A method to reduce the service provider’s cost of providing “ubiquitous” access to the consumer Primarily to use “paid-for” or free (typically owned or “open-access”) facilities when available instead of “for-pay” (leased or contracted) facilities

9. 21-08-0226-009 Existing Solutions End-User manually manages connections Manual configuration frustrates the end-user because: Time required to figure out which connection to use and enable it Frustrated by short battery life Knowledge required of the OS and installed interfaces to enable/disable interfaces

10. 21-08-0226-0010 Existing Solutions Client-based (typically laptops) connection management software Searches for available networks Based on pre-programmed criteria the software chooses the “most desirable” network (not necessarily “best-available”) May or may not disable other interfaces (for the purpose of battery-life, network use cost-reduction, etc.)

11. 21-08-0226-0011 Gaps Some dual-mode products that are available on the market today require more power than is available For example: USB can provide up to 0.5 amps, but current dual-mode USB WWAN devices require >0.5 amps to have both radios enabled.

12. 21-08-0226-0012 Gaps Connection manager software is unable to discover all available networks without powering up each interface in-turn. Possibly requiring the user to wait longer than desired Possibly using more batter power than is desired, especially for small devices (typical dual-mode mobile phone battery is rated 850-1100mAH)

13. 21-08-0226-0013 Gaps Service Provider is unable to dynamically interact with the client platform: To inform the user platform that another interface is more desirable than the currently active one To inform the user platform that data is available/waiting for delivery to an inactive interface To provide an alternate path for delivery of data destined for an inactive radio on the platform via a currently active radio (this would save time in the delivery process and reduce power-use)

14. 21-08-0226-0014 Q & A?