1. Formation of the ester ethyl propanoate from a carboxylic acid

2. An acid anhydride is formed by removal of a molecule of water from two carboxylic acid molecules.2

3. Ethanoic anhydride reacts with methanol to make the ester methyl ethanoate3

4. Esters
Describe the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst, and also of acid anhydrides with alcohols.
Describe the hydrolysis of esters.
State the uses of esters in perfumes and flavourings.

5. Acid hydrolysis of propyl ethanoate5

6. Alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl propanoate6

7. Wintergreen - ester methyl salicylate7

8. Benzyl ethanoate 8