1. E-Business Infrastructure Plan
Revised Date: 2/6/2012
Chapter 6
E-Business Infrastructure Plan

2. Learning outcomes
Define the hardware and software technologies used to build an e-business infrastructure within an organisation and with its partners
Define the hardware and software requirements necessary to enable employee access to the Internet and hosting of e-commerce services.

3. What is e-Business infrastructure?
A system architecture that consists of:
hardware,
software,
content and
data used
The purpose is to deliver e-business services to employees, customers and partners and other related stakeholders.

4. What is e-Business infrastructure?
Typical problems
Web site communications too slow.
Web site not available.
Bugs on site through pages being unavailable or information typed in forms not being executed.
Ordered products not delivered on time.
s not replied to.
Customers’ privacy or trust is broken through security problems such as credit cards being stolen or addresses sold to other companies.

5. What is e-Business infrastructure?
Figure 3.1 A five-layer model of e-business infrastructure

6. Management Issues
Table 3.1 Key management issues of e-business infrastructure

7. Management Issues
Table 3.1 Key management issues of e-business infrastructure (Continued)

8. What is the Internet?
“The Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net," is a worldwide system of computer networks - a network of networks in which users at any one computer can, if they have permission, get information from any other computer” -whatis.com “A global network connecting millions of computers. More than 100 countries are linked into exchanges of data, news and opinions. -webopedia.com “is logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons” -FNC

9. What is the Internet?
Figure 3.2 Physical and network infrastructure components of the Internet (Levels IV and III in Figure 3.1)

10. What is the Internet? London Internet Exchange
Located in Docklands area in East London
Second large IX in Europe

11. What is the Internet? Malaysia and the Internet
Internet Usage Statistics: 13,528,200 Internet users as of Sept/2006, 47.8% of the population, according to M.C.M.C.
Malaysia Internet Exchange (MyIX)
Established in November, 2003
Launched on 15th December 2006
3 nodes connected in AIMS, NCC and TPM Jaring

12. What is the Internet?
World Wide Web – standard method for exchanging information on the Internet
Web browsers – a method of accessing and viewing information stored as web documents
Web servers – store and present the web pages

13. Technology Evolution
Table 3.2 Six stages of advances in the dissemination of information

14. Technology Evolution
Clay tablets
Guternberg Press

15. How big is the Internet? Over 1 billion Internet users worldwide
How big the infrastructure they accessing?
Measured by number of servers
Number of pages indexed by search engines
2006: 9 billion pages
Dec 2010:????

16. Figure 3.4 The Netcraft index of number of servers
Source: Netcraft Web Server Survey. server survey.html. Netcraft,

17. Intranet and extranet Intranet: Extranet:
A private network within a single company using Internet standards to enable employees to share information
Extranet:
Formed by extending an intranet beyond a company to customers, suppliers and collaborators

18. Intranet and extranet
Figure 3.5 The relationship between intranets, extranets and the Internet

19. Intranet applications
Used extensively for supporting sell-side e- commerce
Also used for internal marketing communications, ex. Directories, staff bulletin, SOP, courses, etc.
Marketing Intranet has a few advantages:
Reduced product life cycle
Reduce cost
Better customer service
Distribution of information

20. Intranet applications- example

21. Extranet applications- example
Used to provide online services which are restricted to business customers

22. Extranet applications- example
Premier Dell.com

23. Extranet applications- Business benefits
Information sharing
Cost reduction
Order processing and distribution
Customer service

24. Extranet applications-issues
Questions on the extranet?
Are the levels of usage sufficient?
Is it effective and efficient?
Who has ownership of the extranet?
What are the levels of service quality?
Is the quality of information adequate?

25. Extranet application on global basis

26. Extranet applications on global basis

27. Extranet application-Firewalls
A specialized software mounted on a separate server at the point where the company is connected to the Internet
Use to protect information on the company

28. Extranet application-Firewalls
Figure 3.6 Firewall positions within the e-business infrastructure of the B2B company

29. World Wide Web
A standard method for exchanging and publishing information on the Internet.
Based on standard document formats such as HTML
Offers hyperlink
Supports a wide range of formatting
Can integrate graphics and animations
Make interactions possible
Benefits:
Easy to use
Provide a graphical environment
Standardization of tools and usages

30. WWW-How it works
Figure 3.7 Information exchange between a web browser and web server

31. Internet tools
Instant messaging (IM) and Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
Usenet newsgroups
FTP file transfer
Telnet
Blogs
RSS (Really Simple Syndication)
World Wide Web
IPTV
BitTorrent

32. Internet tools-RSS
An Internet standard for publishing and exchanging content using XML
Content can be published on a site that originates from another site
New method of distributing messages to subscribers

33. Internet tools-Voice over IP (VOIP)
Voice data is transferred across the Internet – it enables phone calls to be made over the Internet.
Peer-to-peer
Hosted service
Complete replacement of all telephone systems
Upgrading telephone systems
Ex. Skype

34. URLs and Domain names URL- Uniform resource locaters. Domain names
A web address used to locate a web page on a web server.
Domain names
The name of the web server
Usually indicate the company name and the extension shows its type.
Ex.
What does it mean?

35. URLS and domain names
Web addresses are structured in a standard way as follows:
What do the following extensions or global top level domains stand for? Find out....
.com
.co.uk, .uk.com
.org or .org.uk
.gov
.edu, .ac.uk
.int
.net
.biz
.info
.html

36. Web Presentation-HTML and XML
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
A standard format used to define the text and layout of web pages. HTML files usually have the extension .HTML or .HTM.
XML or eXtensible Markup Language
A standard for transferring structured data, unlike HTML which is purely presentational.
Use to develop B2B integration system ex. Microsoft BizTalk, Rosetta.net

37. Web Presentation-HTML
Figure 3.9 Home page index.html for The B2B Company in a web browser showing HTML source in text editor

38. Media standards
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) A graphics format and compression algorithm best used for simple graphics
JPEG (Joint Photographics Experts Group) A graphics format and compression algorithm best used for photographs
Streaming media. Sound and video that can be experienced within a web browser before the whole clip is downloaded e.g. Real Networks .rm format
Video standards include MPEG and .AVI
Sound standards include MP3 and WMA

39. Who controls the Internet?
ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)
The Internet Society (
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
The World Wide Web Consortium (
Telecommunications Information Networking Architecture Consortium TINA-C

40. Managing e-business infrastructure
Layer II – Systems software
Standardization throughout organization
Reduce number of contacts for support and maintenance
Reduce purchase price through multi-licenses
Layer III – Transport or network
Based on internal and external company network
Issue: performed by the company or outsource
Laver IV – Storage
Based on company needs
Who is in-charged

41. Managing e-business infrastructure
Figure (a) Fragmented applications infrastructure, (b) integrated applications infrastructure
Source: Adapted from Hasselbring (2000)

42. Managing e-business infrastructure
Figure Differing use of applications at levels of management within companies

43. Managing e-business infrastructure
Figure Elements of e-business infrastructure that require management

44. Internet service providers (ISP)
ISP connection method
Speed of access
Availability
Service-level agreements
Security

45. New access devices Mobile access devices Wi-Fi mobile access Bluetooth
Next-generation mobile services
Interactive digital television
What else…. Your inputs…
Not considered as new
any more…

46. Access providers
Figure Mobile access technologies

47. Summary
The e-Business infrastructure need to be well defined and understand to ensure the company aware of its importance and limitations.
There are five generic layers of e-Business infrastructure that emphasize on different functions.
The Internet technology also evolves and allowed various web based applications to be developed to support various business processes and needs.

48. Tutorial 6 Distinguish between Intranet, Extranet and Internet.
You are a consultant to a small enterprise that interested in setting up a transactional e- commerce site.
Create a summary guide for the company about the stages/levels that are necessary in the creation of a web site.
Discuss the management issues that may involved.

49. References
Google Image, accessed on 13 April 2011.
Chaffey, D., (2007, 2009), E-Business and e- Commerce Management, 3rd and 4th Edition, Prentice Hall.
Rosetta.Net, assessed on

50. Mini case 1