1. MORPHOLOGY
definition;
variability among languages

2. What is a morpheme? The smallest unit that has a meaning or
grammatical function

3. Free morpheme v. bound morpheme
Free morphemes are single morphemes which constitute words.
Bound morphemes are morphemes which can only occur in words attached to other morphemes: prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc.

4. Affixes suffix, prefix, infix, circumfix An affix is a bound morpheme
attached to a stem or root morpheme
Types of affixes are:
suffix, prefix, infix, circumfix

5. A single word may be composed of one or more morphemes
1 morpheme product
2 morphemes productive
3 morphemes productivity
4 morphemes unproductivity

6. What type of word is the suffix -er attached to?
As the meaning (function) of this suffix can vary, we must consider these two different morphemes.

7. Derivational v. Inflectional affixes
Derivational affixes
change part of speech or meaning of word
are not required by syntax
are not productive
occur before inflectional suffixes
may be prefixes or suffixes
Are not productive means that they are selective
about what they combine with.
For example the suffix -tion doesn’t
combine with just any verb

8. Derivational v. Inflectional affixes
meaning isn’t changed; neither is part of speech. (different form of word produced)
required by syntax; typically indicate syntactic or semantic relations between different words
are very productive
occur at margin of word
in English, only suffixes
IN ENGLISH INFLECTIONAL MORPHEMES ARE
ALL SUFFIXES. NOT THE CASE IN ALL
LANGUAGES.
ONLY 8 INFLECTIONAL MORPHEMES IN ENG.
LISTED IN BOOK

9. Content v. function morphemes
Content morphemes are morphemes which carry semantic content.
Function morphemes are morphemes which have a grammatical function
derivational morphemes are content morphemes and inflectional morphemes are function morphemes
Content morpheme: have some kind of independent,
identifiable meaning or indicate a change in meaning
when added to a word.
Function morphemes provide info. about grammatical
function by relating certain words in sentence to each
other.

10. Are free morphemes content or function morphemes?
BOTH
Examples of function morphemes which are
also free morphemes in ENG. are prepositions, a
articles, pronouns, and conjunctions