1. Section 3: The Religion of Islam  Muslim Belief: A shared set of beliefs hold muslims together 5 Pillars of Islam 1. Faith 2. Prayer 3. Sharing 4. Fasting 5. Pilgrimage

2.  Faith The statement of faith in only one God ○ “there is no God but God and Muhammad is His prophet”  Prayer The Muezzin calls followers to prayer from on top of the minaret of a mosque 5 times a day. ○ The call of the Muezzin signals all of the times of prayer

3.  Sharing Giving when able to Muslims who are poor and sick  Fasting During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims do not eat or drink from sun rise to sun set.  Hajj All Muslims who can afford to, try to make a pilgrimage to Mecca, meeting Muslims from around the world  Not just a religion but a guide for every aspect of life for Muslims

4.  The Quran The Muslim holy book ○ Holds the things revealed to Muhammad and also the rules of Islam ○ The Quran includes stories, promises, warnings, and instructions

5.  Relationships in Islam “People of the Book” ○ Muhammad felt respect for Jews and Christians ○ All practice religion revealed in holy writings and all believe in one God ○ Rulers of the Muslims believed Jews and Christians to be “protected people” As long as they accepted Muslim rule they were allowed to practice their religions

6.  Men and Women Muhammad insisted that all Muslims were equal in spirit ○ Women in early Islam had many rights Men and women’s role in the community ○ Men worked outside the home, inherited more property, and were expected to care for their families ○ As Islam spread the attitudes toward women changed to fit the culture of the new places In a few countries today Women must cover their faces when they leave their homes Both Men and Women are expected to dress modestly

7.  Islamic Schism Two groups emerged after the assassination of the Muslim leader, Uthman. ○ Shi’it Muslims thought the ruler should be a direct descendent of Muhammad ○ Sunni Muslims thought that any truly religious Muslim could lead the community. Wanted a group of Muslims scholars to interpret the Quran