1. Spanish Settlements
Life in Spanish Texas

2. MISSIONS

3. Missions Convert Natives to the Catholic faith
Four walls, with lookout towers at the corners
Inside: priests’ offices, rooms for weaving cloth, shops for different jobs
Chapel: not for formal Sunday services, but for baptisms, weddings, and funerals

4. Daily Life in Missions Morning prayer 30 minutes of instruction
Reciting of the rosary
Breakfast
Work
Evening meal
Instruction and prayer
Sleep

5. Failure of Missions Women died giving birth
European diseases killed many
New diet made them sick
Too expensive for Spain to keep up with

6. PRESIDIOS

7. Presidios Provided military support
Protect colonists from Native Americans
Return natives who ran away from missions
Rectangular with four tall walls and lookout points
Barracks for soldiers
Chapel
Storage rooms
Only one entrance

8. Daily Life in Presidios
10 year commitment
Hard work, constant danger
Many did not get along with priests
Not paid much, supplies were high cost
Often got second jobs to be able to afford basic supplies

9. PUEBLOS

10. Pueblos = Towns Homes made from logs, adobe, and stone
Jacals: huts with thatched roof, walls covered in mud or clay
Built dams as a form of irrigation

11. Life in the Pueblos
Worked as gunsmiths, bakers, merchants, carpenters, etc.
Very limited education, only wealthy could afford books
Women: sewed, washed, midwives, teaching morals and values, owned property separate from husband
Alcalde: official acting as mayor, sheriff, and judge

12. Activities for Fun Horse racing Festivals, outdoor activities
Telling folktales, singing ballads
PROBLEMS:
Unsanitary living conditions
Diseases, few doctors or medicines
Raids by Native Texans

13. RANCHES

14. Ranches
Supplied the towns with wool, animal hides, and other materials
Used fat to create soap and candles
Horses supplied to soldiers

15. Growth of the Cattle Industry
between San Antonio and the Guadalupe Rivers known as “cradle of Texas ranching”

16. Ranches Vaqueros = cowhands or cowboys Easier than farming:
Cattle could stand the harsh climate
Cattle easier to move than crops
Farming required irrigation
Farms had to compete with Missions for workers