1. Catalyst  Did you take advantage of your 3-day break? If so, how? If not, why not? What would you have done?

2. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  All cells (pro & eu) have a plasma/cell membrane!  Recall: Protons Electrons Neutrons AtomsMoleculesMonomersMacromolecules/ Polymers CellsOrganisms ChemistryBiology Found in

3. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Cell

4. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Extracellular Fluid (Outside Cell) Cytoplasm (Inside Cell) Cholesterol Protein Phospholipid Bilayer Lipid Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Carbohydrate

5. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Fluid Mosaic Model  Phospholipids: Structure, liquid-y  Proteins: Transport across membrane  Carbohydrates: Signaling  Cholesterols: Stability “Moving”“Many parts” Macromolecules! (no nucleic acids)

6. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Semi-permeable membrane  Allows small molecules through, but not larger molecules  Plasma membrane is semi-permeable  Regulates what can/cannot enter/exit the cell.  Phospholipid Bilayer: main portion of membrane “Partially”“Passable” “Two” Phospholipid Hydrophobic (  water) Hydrophilic ( water) 2 layers (“bi” layer)

7.  Mini-Lesson: Concentration  Amount of solute in solvent  Example: 6 grams sugar in 2 liters water  Importance? Molecules want to move from high [ ] to low [ ]  Imagine: Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Concentration = Solute Solvent = 6 g sugar 2 L water **Symbol for Concentration: [ ] [sugar] = 3 g/L SolventSolute                         

8. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!!  Number One: Diffusion Diagram Source: http://arditobook.pbworks.com/w/page/11348839/Diffusion Equal [ ] Small Molecule **If small molecule is water = OSMOSIS! Type of Diffusion

9. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!! (cont.)  Number Two: Facilitated Diffusion Diagram Source: http://spmbiology403.blogspot.com/2008/08/passive-transport-facilitated-diffusion.html Step 1Step 2Step 3 Channel ProteinCarrier Protein High [ ] Low [ ] Larger Molecules

10. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Diffusion vs. Facilitated Diffusion  Diffusion through phospholipid bilayer  Facilitated diffusion through protein (channel OR carrier)  Both go from HIGH [ ] to LOW [ ]  Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!! (cont. x2)  Number Three: Cell Membrane Pump High [K + ] Low [K + ]High[Na + ] Low [Na + ] Diagram Source: http://cosbiology.pbworks.com/w/page/11556267/Lesson%207-02%20Nerve%20Impulse

11. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  ATP: Energy! (Adenosine Triphosphate) (Adenosine Diphosphate) (Phosphate) Image Source (ATP): http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lectf03am/ATP02a.jpg Image Source (Reaction): http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/energy/metabo13.gif ATP Structure ATP Reaction

12. Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Gradient: High [ ] to Low [ ]  Passive Transport: Goes w/ gradient, requires NO energy  Active Transport: Goes against gradient, REQUIRES energy Membrane Transport Passive Transport Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Channel Proteins Carrier Proteins Active Transport Cell Membrane Pump ??

13. Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Osmosis: Diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane Image Source: http://course1.winona.edu/sberg/ILLUST/fig8-10.GIF Before After [C 6 H 12 O 6 ] lower “Hypotonic” [C 6 H 12 O 6 ] higher “Hypotonic” [C 6 H 12 O 6 ] equal “Isotonic” More water Less water Zoom In

14. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Cells in isotonic Solution Cells in hypertonic solution Cells in hypotonic solution Normal Shape Shriveled Shape Inflated Shape Image Source: http://mywellnesswarehouse.com/Images/Interior/Isotonic/HypertonicIsotonicHypto.gif