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Early American Funeral Undertaking
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Tradesman Undertakers
Colonial period: undertaking combined with cabinetmaking lack of regulation regarding funerals 1799 Baltimore: funeral undertakers appointed as coroners War of 1812: western expansion cabinet-making undertakers added services
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Readings Question #1 Who was the “furnishing undertaker”? What type of services did he offer? What influence did he have on the funeral service profession?
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Performers of Personal Service
nurse, nurse-governess, midwives nurses also practiced healing arts end of the 18th century: “layers out of the dead” 19th century: women less prominent role in the “business” of undertaking expanded services and wide range of tasks tradesmen, craftsmen, male functionaries
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Religious Functionaries
up until the 19th century: churchyard and church cemetery main mode of “sepulture” role of the clergy was important church sexton extended his mortuary functions (early 19th century)
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Readings Question #2 Municipal Officers
Describe the evolution of the sexton to the sexton-undertaker in 19th century America. Municipal Officers “inviter to funerals”
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Readings Question #3 What were the duties of the “inviter to funerals”?
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Readings Question #4 Who were the Early American funeral undertakers? What were their duties?
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Readings Question #5 Why is the first half of the 19th century crucially important in the evolution of the modern funeral director?
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