1. Brittney Hamilton

2. Focuses on how human communication is used to gain knowledge and create understanding

3. Berger assumes that when strangers meet, the greatest concern is increasing predictability about the behavior of both oneself and the other person.

4. Expectation that you will meet them again They May have something you want Deviance-They are different than us

5.  Fritz Heider  Attribution Theory: Explains how people make assumptions about other peoples’ character through observing their behavior  Behavioral vs. Cognitive Berger focuses on Cognitive: Acquiring information that allows you to correct many previous possible thoughts about the person

6.  Axiom A self-evident truth that requires no additional proof Berger axioms to connect his concept of uncertainty with variables of relationship development

7.  Verbal Communication  Nonverbal Warmth  Information Seeking  Self-Disclosure  Reciprocity  Similarity  Liking  Shared Networks

8. http://youtu.be/WOeb6cJ2Awk?t=2m31s

9.  Berger inserts these axioms into the pattern of  If A=B  And B=C  Then A=C  Theorem A proposition that logically and necessarily follows from two axioms

10.  + means the two variables will rise or fall together  - means that as one increases, the other decreases

11. Overall Strategy  Message Plans Mental representations of action sequences that may be used to achieve goals Main Goal Action Specific Action Specific Action Abstract More concrete

12.  Berger provides some strategies that, for him, answer the questions of  How individuals cope with the inevitable uncertainties they must face when constructing messages or  How a person eludes embarrassment, anger, rejection, and other downside risks associated with using a given message

13.  Passive Strategy  Active Strategy  Interactive Strategy

14.  Plan Complexity A characteristic of a message plan based on the level of detail it provides and the number of contingencies it covers

15.  Hedging Saving face on the parts of both parties through ambiguity and humor when a message fails to reach the desired goal

16.  Hierarchy Hypothesis Predicts that when people are frustrated in their attempts to achieve goals, they first tend to alter lower level elements of their message

17.  William Gudykunst  Inspired by Berger, William applied some axioms and theorems to intercultural settings  AUM Theory An intercultural theory that claims high levels of uncertainty and anxiety lead to greater misunderstanding when strangers don’t communicate mindfully

18. AUMURT  Anxiety and Uncertainty as twin threats  Effective Communication: Concept of having mutual understanding and minimizing misunderstanding  Uncertainty  Closeness or relational satisfaction Key Communication variable Goal

19. AUMURT  Multiple Causes of Anxiety/Uncertainty  Lower and Upper levels for fear and doubt  Mindfulness The process of thinking in new categories, being open to new information, and recognizing multiple perspectives  Axioms and Theorems

20. PROSCONS  Straightforward  Logically consistent  Simple to understand  Theorem 17  No motivation to seek information through the three Anticipation of future interaction incentive value Deviance