1. Moving Toward Independence
Chapter 5: Section 4
Moving Toward Independence

2. Colonial Leaders Emerge
On May 10, 1775, the Second Continental Congress assembled for the first time
Delegates still divided on separating from Great Britain
Included many notable figures such as Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, and Thomas Jefferson
Began to govern the colonies: authorized the printing of money, set up a post office, established committees to communicate with N.A. and created the Continental Army to fight against Britain in a more organized way
Committee unanimously chose George Washington to be the army’s commander
In July, the committee sent out a petition, or formal request, assuring the king of the colonists’ desire for peace
Became known as the Olive Branch Petition
Asked the king to protect the colonists’ rights
King George refused to even look at the document and geared up for war

3. The Colonies Take the Offensive
Congress learned that British troops stationed in what is now Canada and were planning to attack New York
A Patriot force captured Montreal in November, but an American attack on Quebec failed
After joining the Continental Army, Washington noticed the men lacked discipline, organization, and leadership- spent a year getting them into shape
Positioned his army in a semicircle around Boston and gave the order to attack- Redcoats quickly withdrew and Patriots entered the city
In 1776, Thomas Paine published a pamphlet called Common Sense
Called for complete independence from Britain
Argued it was “common sense” to stop following King George III
Inspired thousands of Americans

4. The Colonies Declare Independence
The Second Continental Congress chose a committee to draft a Declaration of Independence and Thomas Jefferson was selected to write the document
Inspired by philosopher John Locke- people were born with certain natural rights to life, liberty, and property
Congress finally voted on the resolution for independence and the document was finally approved on July 4, 1776
Declaration had four major sections:
preamble: states that people who wish to forma new country should explain their reasons for doing so
2) & 3) listed the rights the colonists believed they should have and their complaints against Britain
4) Proclaims the existence of the new nation

5. Classwork!!!! Complete #2, 4-6 & Interdisciplinary Activity on pg. 151
Due tomorrow!
(may be completed in notebooks)