2. European Exploration and Colonization

3. What European country explored and settled the Caribbean, Central America, and South America? SpainSpain

4. For what two reasons did Englishmen settle in North America? Religious FreedomReligious Freedom Economic OpportunityEconomic Opportunity

5. What religious group settled New England? The PuritansThe Puritans

6. What was another name for the Church of England? The Anglican ChurchThe Anglican Church

7. What was the major reason for the settlement of New England? Religious FreedomReligious Freedom

8. Who settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620? The SeparatistsThe Separatists commonly called the Pilgrimscommonly called the Pilgrims

9. What agreement signed by the male settlers at Plymouth helped establish the notion of self-government in the Americas? The Mayflower CompactThe Mayflower Compact

10. Who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony? The PuritansThe Puritans

11. How did the Puritans get their name? The Puritans wanted to purify or reform the Anglican Church.The Puritans wanted to purify or reform the Anglican Church.

12. What was the basic unit of the Massachusetts Bay Colony? The Church CongregationThe Church Congregation Each congregation established a TownEach congregation established a Town

13. Where did the Puritans practice a form of direct democracy? At Town MeetingsAt Town Meetings

14. Which colony did the Pilgrims settle? PlymouthPlymouth

15. What three European groups chiefly settled the Middle Atlantic region? EnglishEnglish DutchDutch GermansGermans

16. What was the major reason for the settlement of Virginia and the other Southern colonies? Economic OpportunityEconomic Opportunity

17. Who founded the Virginia colony as a business venture? The Virginia Company of LondonThe Virginia Company of London

18. Who were the English nobility who received large land grants in Virginia from the King of England and helped settle the colony? CavaliersCavaliers

19. Define indentured servant? A person who agreed to work a certain number of years in exchange for payment of his passage to America.A person who agreed to work a certain number of years in exchange for payment of his passage to America.

20. What was the first permanent English settlement in North America? JamestownJamestown

21. What became the cash crop of the Virginia colony? TobaccoTobacco

22. What was the first elected assembly (lawmaking body) in the New World? The House of BurgessesThe House of Burgesses

23. With what colony does one associate the Cavaliers? VirginiaVirginia

24. Where did many poor English immigrants settle in the Virginia colony? In the Shenandoah Valley or western Virginia

25. What regions of the Western Hemisphere did the Spanish explore and settle? The Caribbean Central America South America

26. What region of the Western Hemisphere did the French explore? Canada

27. Who had better relations with the First Americans, the British or the French? The FrenchThe French

28. How did English colonization affect the American Indians? Lost territoryLost territory Died from European diseases, especially smallpoxDied from European diseases, especially smallpox

29. What group did Europeans force to come to the Americas? AfricansAfricans

30. Name four characteristics of the economy of the New England colonies? ShipbuildingShipbuilding FishingFishing LumberingLumbering Subsistence FarmingSubsistence Farming

31. Name three characteristics of the economy of the Middle Colonies? ShipbuildingShipbuilding Small farmsSmall farms TradingTrading

32. What was the economic basis of the Southern colonies? Cash crops raised on large PlantationsCash crops raised on large Plantations

33. What formed the basis of the economy of the Southern colonies in the mountains and valleys of the Appalachian foothills? Subsistence farmingSubsistence farming HuntingHunting TradingTrading

34. What were the three cash crops of the Southern colonies? TobaccoTobacco RiceRice IndigoIndigo

35. What were the two cash crops in South Carolina? RiceRice IndigoIndigo

36. Which English colonies believed in private property and free enterprise (profit)? ALLALL

37. What trade pattern brought Africans to the English colonies? The Triangular TradeThe Triangular Trade

38. What was the name of the forced voyage of African slaves from their homes to the New World? The Middle PassageThe Middle Passage

39. According to the SOL, what were the 3 points in the Triangular Trade? The New England ColoniesThe New England Colonies The West IndiesThe West Indies AfricaAfrica

40. To what major conflict did the Southern colonies’ slavery-based agricultural economy eventually lead? The Civil WarThe Civil War

41. What does religious tolerance mean? Freedom of ReligionFreedom of Religion

42. What religious group settled Pennsylvania? QuakersQuakers

43. What religious group settled Maryland? Roman CatholicsRoman Catholics

44. What two groups of colonists generally believed in religious tolerance? QuakersQuakers Roman CatholicsRoman Catholics

45. What are the eastern lowlands of the Atlantic Coastal Plain called? TidewaterTidewater

46. What was the background of the small farmers, hunters, and traders in the mountains and valleys of the inland South? Scotch-Irish English

47. What religious movement swept the American colonies in the mid-1700s? The Great AwakeningThe Great Awakening

48. Name two important leaders of the Great Awakening? George WhitefieldGeorge Whitefield Jonathan EdwardsJonathan Edwards

49. What two denominations grew rapidly as a result of the Great Awakening? BaptistsBaptists MethodistsMethodists

50. What religious movement of the mid-18th century preached “fire and brimstone” sermons to encourage spiritual rebirth? The Great AwakeningThe Great Awakening

51. What did the Great Awakening challenge? The religious order of the coloniesThe religious order of the colonies The governmental order of the coloniesThe governmental order of the colonies