1. WESTAR Critical Loads Workshop: Summing Up Ira Domsky, Deputy Director Arizona Depart of Environmental Quality November 16, 2005

2. Building the Scientific Base Science is rigorous and well founded In some ways better than bases for NAAQS Keying on the indicators Ambient monitoring network – good, but needs protection Deposition monitoring network – marginal in scope and potential utility Physical and chemical measurements of soil and water Species diversity and populations Ecosystems

3. Diversity of Biotic Communities Alpine tundra Subalpine conifer forest and lakes Hudsonian/mixed conifer forest Arid conifer woodland “Islands in the sky” High desert Grasslands Evergreen woodlands Chaparral Low desert Riparian areas and wetlands Ecotones

4. Building the Scientific Base Funding the research to solidify causal links FLM budgets Clean Air Act grants to states and locals Universities Foundations Public/private partnerships

5. Other considerations Climate change impacts Temperature Precipitation types, quantities and distribution Existing programs – ozone, PM and Regional Haze Population growth – traffic, energy and water Oil and Gas development

6. Communicating value and values What resources are at risk that are of concern to people Popular species Ecosystem Services Watersheds and water resources Sustainability of timber and grazing Recreation – tourism, hunting and fishing

7. Next Steps – for discussion Develop an action plan Establish an ad hoc WESTAR work group Identify priority areas Move forward with test cases Seeking funding