1. Act Three scene two

2. Exploitation and Violence – Lines 1 - 40 How does Shakespeare show that Caliban is already being exploited? (e.g. lines 1 – 8, 38-9) In what ways does Stephano and Trinculo’s language towards Caliban mirror Prospero’s treatment of Caliban and Ariel (look at Act One scene two e.g. 1.2.258) Does this make it easier or harder to sympathise with Caliban? How does Shakespeare emphasise the brutality of all three characters? (e.g. lines 32 – 35)

3. How are Caliban’s two longer speeches in this scene used to bring out the two sides to his character? Lines 87 - 103135 - 143 Extension: find other examples of Caliban’s curses and use of violent language in the scene What is the impact of Caliban’s use of verse in the scene? AO2 – language, structure and form AO5 – alternative interpretations

4. What does the scene show about: Caliban’s view of civilisation? Caliban’s understanding of Prospero? Extension Can you think of any parallels between Caliban and Gonzalo’s speech about his Commonwealth? (2.1. 148 – 168) Are there any differences between Caliban’s aspirations and Gonzalo’s? Further extension: Can you think of any parallels between Caliban and Miranda? AO2 - structure

5. Caliban: on the edge of humanity Read the critical essay Caliban: on the edge of humanity - What light does this shed on the presentation of Caliban in the play?

6. Alcohol as a symbol What parallels can you find between alcohol and Prospero’s magic? A note on names: Trinculo comes from the Italian word trincare (to drink greedily) and Stefano may, in this instance, derive from stefano – a slang word for belly. What aspects of human nature might Stefano and Trinculo represent?

7. Key quotations thus far (whole play) Pair one – violence and brutality Pair two – Prospero’s absolute power Pair three – hope for the future Pair four – base and low behaviour Pair five - nature