1. Cell Organelles As we go through the notes, you should be filling in your sheet. Feel free to add anything to your notes that you think will help you remember what we talked about.

2. What is an organelle? Small part of a cell that does a Small part of a cell that does a specific job Just like your organs are parts of Just like your organs are parts of you that do certain jobs Ex: heart pumps blood Ex: heart pumps blood Ex: stomach digests food Ex: stomach digests food

3. Cell membrane Flexible covering outside the cell Flexible covering outside the cell Made of fat (lipids) Made of fat (lipids) Controls what enters and leaves the cell Controls what enters and leaves the cell Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals

4. Cell wall Rigid covering outside the cell Rigid covering outside the cell Made of different materials (depends on the kingdom) Made of different materials (depends on the kingdom) Gives the cell its shape and protection Gives the cell its shape and protection Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Fungi, Plants, & some Protists Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Fungi, Plants, & some Protists

5. Central vacuole Large storage area for water, wastes, and food Large storage area for water, wastes, and food Similar to your bladder Similar to your bladder Plants, Fungi & some Protists Plants, Fungi & some Protists

6. Centrosome Bundle of fibers that helps the cell divide Bundle of fibers that helps the cell divide Produces fibers that pull chromosomes apart Produces fibers that pull chromosomes apart Animals & some Protists Animals & some Protists

7. Chloroplast Absorbs energy from sunlight to make sugar (photosynthesis) Absorbs energy from sunlight to make sugar (photosynthesis) Has its own DNA Has its own DNA Bright green Bright green Plants & some Protists Plants & some Protists

8. Cilia Tiny hairs on the outside of the cell used for movement Tiny hairs on the outside of the cell used for movement Hundreds per cell Hundreds per cell Some Animals, some Protists, some Eubacteria & some Archaebacteria Some Animals, some Protists, some Eubacteria & some Archaebacteria

9. Cytoplasm Liquidy goo that all the other organelles float around in Liquidy goo that all the other organelles float around in Mostly water and some salts Mostly water and some salts Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals

10. Flagellum Long, whip-like tail used for movement Long, whip-like tail used for movement Usually only 1 or 2 per cell Usually only 1 or 2 per cell Some Animals, some Plants, some Eubacteria, some Protists, & some Archaebacteria Some Animals, some Plants, some Eubacteria, some Protists, & some Archaebacteria

11. Golgi Proofreads, modifies, and ships products of other organelles Proofreads, modifies, and ships products of other organelles Usually found near cell membrane Usually found near cell membrane Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi

12. Lysosome Bubble filled with enzymes Bubble filled with enzymes Breaks down worn out cell parts (kamikaze mission) Breaks down worn out cell parts (kamikaze mission) Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi

13. Mitochondria Burns sugar to make energy in the form of ATP (cell respiration) Burns sugar to make energy in the form of ATP (cell respiration) Has its own DNA Has its own DNA “Powerhouse” of the cell “Powerhouse” of the cell Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi

14. Nucleolus Dark ball inside the nucleus Dark ball inside the nucleus Makes ribosomes Makes ribosomes Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi

15. Nucleus Place where main genetic material is kept (DNA & RNA) Place where main genetic material is kept (DNA & RNA) Usually near center of cell Usually near center of cell “Command center” or “Brain” of cell “Command center” or “Brain” of cell Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi

16. Pili Tiny hairs covering the outside of the cell Tiny hairs covering the outside of the cell Help cell recognize & sense its surroundings Help cell recognize & sense its surroundings Eubacteria & Archaebacteria Eubacteria & Archaebacteria

17. Ribosomes Tiny dots in cytoplasm or on rough E.R. Tiny dots in cytoplasm or on rough E.R. Make proteins Make proteins Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals

18. Rough E.R. Series of tunnels (like a subway) Series of tunnels (like a subway) Transport proteins around the cell Transport proteins around the cell Usually wrapped around the nucleus Usually wrapped around the nucleus Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi

19. Smooth E.R. Series of tunnels (like a subway) Series of tunnels (like a subway) Transport new membrane pieces around the cell Transport new membrane pieces around the cell Usually found just outside Rough E.R. Usually found just outside Rough E.R. Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi Plants, Animals, Protists, & Fungi

20. Vesicle Bubble that transports materials all around the cell Bubble that transports materials all around the cell Like wrapping paper or a box Like wrapping paper or a box Usually found around the Golgi Usually found around the Golgi Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plants & Animals