1. 7 th Grade 2.1 & 2.2 Review 2.3

2.  Objectives: ◦ Explain reasons for Spanish victories ◦ Identify important Spanish explorers ◦ Explain how Spain organized its empire and civilizations  Do Now: ◦ Worksheet (will be graded in 10 minutes)

3.  Ever wonder how we, as modern Americans, got here? After all, our society doesn't look much like the societies that existed here in the Western Hemisphere during the previous few thousand years. And while the American people today are descendants of peoples from every continent, American culture does look a lot like European culture, which is funny because Europe is far away. European culture in America began not with the English, but with Spain, which over the course of about one hundred years managed to conquer the native societies of Latin America and install a forceful presence in what is now the United States. Christopher Columbus is a controversial figure today, celebrated by some as a great hero even while others attack him as a historical villain, responsible for the often-vicious conquest of the Americas by the Spanish who followed in the wake of his "discovery" of this continent. Whether you imagine Columbus in the role of hero or villain, there's no denying his importance. Columbus opened the Atlantic to European explorers, adventures, merchants, and the famous conquistadores. And the process that Columbus set in motion led to the foundation of the United States about three hundred years after Columbus sailed the Ocean Blue. The Spanish were able to colonize much of South and Central America, but the territory that later became the United States stood on the far periphery of the Spain's New World empire; only in the West did the Spanish have a serious presence in territory that is now the United States, and Spanish penetration of California and New Mexico came only in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Spanish place names and institutions are still found all over California and the Southwest. But even more important than the physical remains of Spanish society in the United States is the mere fact that the Spanish came here, paved the way for later European nations to come here, and provided the models on which those other societies thrived. There would be no United States without Spain, and it is with Spain that the history of the United States as we know it began.conquistadores

4.  Make sure you put your name on it  You may use your book  Yes, you need to do the short answer section  You do NOT need to rewrite the full sentence  Just write true or false and the correct word/phrase if it is false

5.  What are we learning?  Why are we learning it?  How can we apply it?

6. 1. False  Christopher Columbus 2. True 3. False  Portugal 4. False  Missionaries 5. True

7.  Get into groups  Write each question in your notebooks  Decide on an answer and a “defense” or textual evidence to support that answer amongst your group in 2 minutes  Get ready for your spokesperson to say your answer and your defense aloud when the timer goes off  Group with the highest accuracy wins

8.  Why did the Europeans want to explore the Americas? Answer: They wanted to find different routes to Asia Increase trade Spread Christianity Gain wealth Look for gold

9.  Why did Native American civilizations fall so quickly?  Answer: ◦ Europeans weakened their empires ◦ Spread European diseases ◦ Acted brutally toward Native Americans

10.  What drew European explorers to North America?  Answer: ◦ Possibility of gaining wealth ◦ Search for the Northwest Passage ◦ Find rich Native American civilizations

11.  How did the French and Dutch prosper from the Americas? ◦ Established fur trade ◦ Welcomed all religions and peoples

12.  Do you have all 4 questions written in your notebook?  Do you have the correct answers and the textual evidence (page references) for your answers?

13.  Encomienda  Hacienda  Mission  Bartolome de las Casas  Columbian Exchange  Plantation  Export

14.  Create a Cornell Notes page in your notebook  When you get into your groups: ◦ Write the vocabulary AND DEFINITIONS into your Cornell notes ◦ Decide if you are going to read straight through and then pick out the important information or if you are going to stop at each paragraph and pick out the important information ◦ Your notes section of your Cornell notes should be a reflection of the entire section not just those notes that directly help you to answer your question

15.  Everyone in your group is reading aloud  You are dissecting and discussing the information that is being read as a group  You are taking ADEQUATE & ACCURATE notes within your Cornell notes  There is NO off topic conversation  Your summary is THOROUGH AND encompasses (includes) a summary of the section AND an answer to your question

16. Group 1: How did Spain draw wealth from its new lands? Group 2: How did the Church contribute to colonization? Group 3: What were the effects of the Columbian Exchange? Group 4: How did the missions transform the Native American way of life?

17.  Spain divided its American empire into What? What were their names? (2 points)  Why did Spanish colonies receive encomiendas? (1 point)  The Spanish forced the Native Americans to work on what? (1 point)  ___________ were key players in Spanish colonial society? (1 point)