1. Ablative:9. Object of Certain Prepositions (pro for, on behalf of, in front of), 10. Place Where (in in, on; sub under), 11. Place from Which (a, ab from, away from; e, ex out of, from; de down from, concerning, about) 12. Means or Instrument (no preposition), 13. Manner (cum with), 14. Accompaniment (cum with). Ablative Case Endings MasculineFeminineNeuter Singular o a o Plural is is is

2. Ablative of Manner= how something is done preposition cum + ablative noun (abstract) He worked with great diligence.with joy. Verb Prep. Adj. Noun Prep. Noun 3 Sing. Ablative Ablative Perfect Manner Manner Active Fem. Fem. Indicative Sing. Sing. Magna cum diligentia laboravit. cum laetitia (Pages 74 – 75)

3. Ablative of Accompaniment = with whom something is done preposition cum + ablative noun (living being) He worked with many slaves.with (his) friend. Verb Prep. Adj. Noun Prep. Noun 3 Sing. Ablative Ablative Perfect Accompaniment Accompaniment Active Mas. Mas. Indicative Pl. Sing. Cum multis servis laboravit.cum amico.

4. Don’t confuse (Nolite confundere) the following: He fought with diligence. with the enemy with weapons Verb Prep. Noun Prep. Noun Noun 3 Sing. Ablative Ablative Ablative Perfect Manner Accompaniment Means Active Fem. Masc. Neuter Indicative Sing. Plural Plural Cum diligentia pugnavit. cum inimicis telis