1. The Roman Empire
Chapter 15

2. Octavian (Augustus)
Also named Princeps “first citizen” – Pater Patriae “Father of the Country” – Augustus “revered one”
Octavian became the emperor in practice: consul, tribune, high priest, and senator

3. Strengthened His Authority
Made soldiers swear allegiance to him personally
Built up imperial household
Choose government on talent which gave people the chance to be part of the government

4. Defendable Boundaries
Not interested in New Territory for Rome
Rounded to Natural Borders
Rhine and Danube Rivers
Atlantic Ocean
Sahara Desert

6. Augustus’ Reforms
Provincial Governors: long terms in office with large salaries
Ordered a census (population count)
Set up a fire brigade and police force
Built the first library in Rome

7. Lasted 200 Years
PAX ROMANA

8. Trade Increase of trade with peace
No tariffs, unified coins throughout empire
Mediterranean was cleared of pirates, making a safe route for trade
Grain was traded, as well as brick, marble, granite, and wood by ship
Amber, silk passed on land routes
Increased trade = increased business for Romans

9. Law: Changes to the 12 Tables
Fair laws to non-Romans due to business used special lawyers and legal writers “Juris Prudentes”
Law was just because it was reasonable all were equal before law – innocent until proven guilty

10. Standardized in 125 A.D. – the law was the same everywhere and it helped govern the large area successfully