1. Bell Question: What is the chemical reaction for photosynthesis? 6CO 2 + 6H 2 0 + Light Energy  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

2. Cellular Respiration All living organisms need certain things to survive. How many characteristics can you name? food air water living space

3. Cellular Respiration Today we’re going to focus on what cells do with FOOD. Cells use the energy from food to form ATP. ATP is an energy- storing compound. This process is called cellular respiration. Cells use food to make ATP ATP used by the cell for other cellular functions Organism eats food I am a strong cell! ATP

4. Cellular Respiration WordPictureDefinition Cellular Respiration the process of producing ATP in the cell from oxygen and glucose; releases carbon dioxide and water ATP

5. Cellular Respiration Here’s the chemical equation for cellular respiration: C 6 H 12 0 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 0 + ATP Wait a second! Something looks familiar… Like this … … and this!

6. Cellular Respiration Here’s the chemical equation for cellular respiration: C 6 H 12 0 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 0 + ATP + Light Energy C 6 H 12 0 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O And here’s the chemical equation for photosynthesis: The products of one reaction are the reactants of the other, and vice versa. In order to keep them straight, you need to understand the processes!

7. Cellular Respiration + 6O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 glucose Remember from photosynthesis that C 6 H 12 O 6 is Cellular respiration also needs 6 molecules of oxygen yields 6CO 2 + 6H 2 0+ ATP 6 molecules of carbon dioxide 6 molecules of water are also produced Energy that cells can use ATP

8. Cellular Respiration The first part of cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm. The glucose is broken down into smaller molecules. A few ATP molecules are made, but more are produced during the second step. This process is called glycolysis.

9. Cellular Respiration The second part of cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. The smaller molecules made by glycolysis are broken down, and many ATP are made. The ATP are used to power all cellular processes. water (H 2 0) carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) ATP smaller molecules oxygen (O 2 )

10. Cellular Respiration Fermentation is a reaction cells use to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low. Sometimes, when you exercise, there is not enough oxygen in your cells to make ATP molecules for cellular respiration. Fermentation takes place in the cytoplasm, and less ATP is made than in the mitochondria.

11. Cellular Respiration WordPictureDefinition Fermentation the breakdown of sugars to make ATP without oxygen the yeast in bread uses fermentation

12. Cellular Respiration There are two types of fermentation: lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation. Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucose is changed into ATP Waste product is lactic acid This is how cheese, yogurt, and sour cream are produced Alcohol Fermentation Used by some types of bacteria and yeast Waste products are ethanol and carbon dioxide Many types of bread are made using this, and the carbon dioxide released makes the bread rise

13. Cellular Respiration Alcohol Fermentation Demonstration Warm water, yeast, and sugar are mixed together in the bottle. What do you think will happen? The yeast will go through alcohol fermentation and release carbon dioxide gas. Carbon dioxide is a waste product of alcohol fermentation. We know that carbon dioxide is released because the balloon inflates.

14. Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration Quick Facts: What organisms perform it? Where in the cell does it take place? Where does the energy come from? What is ATP? plants and animals (also most fungi, bacteria, and protists) mitochondria glucose (sugar) type of energy cells can use

15. Cellular Respiration For the box at the bottom of your notes page: Cut out the pictures and arrows and glue them into the box. You will show what goes into cellular respiration and what is produced during cellular respiration.

16. Cellular Respiration Check yourself. This is how your Cellular Respiration Equation box should look:

17. Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis Question Sheet 1. Bread has yeast in it. Why does it rise? Yeast use fermentation to break down glucose to make ATP. A waste product is carbon dioxide, which is released as bubbles of gas and make the dough rise. 2. How is breathing different from cellular respiration? Breathing is ONLY taking in oxygen for your cells and releasing carbon dioxide from your cells. Cellular respiration uses breathing to supply the cells with the oxygen it needs to break down glucose and to release the carbon dioxide it produces in the process.

18. Cellular Respiration/Photosynthesis Question Sheet 3. Compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Photosynthesis Occurs in chloroplast Uses sunlight Makes oxygen & glucose Uses water & carbon dioxide Plants and algae only Respiration Occurs in mitochondria Uses glucose & oxygen Makes carbon dioxide, water, & ATP Plants and animals Uses energy Involves oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water In cells Makes energy

19. Exit Question: Where does the second step of cellular respiration occur?