1. City-State and Democracy Forms of Government

2. Polis  City-State

3. What was the role of the agora in a Greek City- state  An open space where people came for business and public gatherings.  Festivals and athletic contest held there  Statues, temples, and other public buildings were found there  An open space where people came for business and public gatherings.  Festivals and athletic contest held there  Statues, temples, and other public buildings were found there

4. Acropolis  Fortified hill top  “Highest city”  Fortified hill top  “Highest city”

5. What was the acropolis used for?  Mainly for military purpose (easy to defend) then later they built temples and palaces

6. Monarchy  A government that a king or queen rules  (Note: Most city-states start out as a monarchy)  A government that a king or queen rules  (Note: Most city-states start out as a monarchy)

7. Aristocracy  Upper class or nobility

8. Oligarchy  Ruled by a few

9. Tyrants  Someone who took power in an illegal way (by force)  In Greece, a tyrant was someone who acted like a king without being of royal birth.  Someone who took power in an illegal way (by force)  In Greece, a tyrant was someone who acted like a king without being of royal birth.

11. How did the tyrant play an important role in the development of rule by the people?  Helped overthrow the Oligarchy  Showed that if common people united behind a leader, they could gain power to make change.  Helped overthrow the Oligarchy  Showed that if common people united behind a leader, they could gain power to make change.

12. How are Oligarchy and Aristocracy similar?  A minority group controls the government

13. What was a major legacy of the ancient Greeks?  Idea of citizenship

14. Citizen (according to the Greeks)  A person with the right to take part in ruling the city- state

15. Who was considered a citizen?  Born to parents who were free citizens

16. What did Solon do for Athens?  Made reforms that helped prevent a revolt by the poor  He freed people who had become slaves b/c of debt  Made a law that no citizen could be enslaved  Organized citizens into 4 classes based on wealth not birth  Allowed all citizens to serve in the assembly and help elect leaders  Reformed laws  Made reforms that helped prevent a revolt by the poor  He freed people who had become slaves b/c of debt  Made a law that no citizen could be enslaved  Organized citizens into 4 classes based on wealth not birth  Allowed all citizens to serve in the assembly and help elect leaders  Reformed laws

17. Did this make Athenians happy?  The nobles wished he had made fewer changes  The poor wished he had given them more land  The nobles wished he had made fewer changes  The poor wished he had given them more land

18. Democracy  Government in which citizens make political decisions

19. Describe the type of democracy Athens used.  Direct democracy- All the citizens meet to decide on the laws.

20. What made democracy in Athens a limited democracy?  It did not include all people who lived in the city-state  Only free adult males were citizens who could take part in the government  Women, slaves, and foreigners could not take par  It did not include all people who lived in the city-state  Only free adult males were citizens who could take part in the government  Women, slaves, and foreigners could not take par

21. MonarchyOligarchyDirect Democracy Who Ruled A king or Queen ruled the government A Small group of citizens ruled the government All citizens took part in the government (BUT not all people were citizens Basis Of rule Many king claimed that the gods gave them the right to rule. Son’s became next ruler Aristocratic birth, wealth, or land ownership gave the group the right to rule Neither wealth or social status affected the right to make decisions. Type of rule King or Queen often had supreme power The ruling group ran the government for their own purpose Decisions were made by voting. The majority won.

22. Describe the type of government used by the U.S.  Indirect Democracy (Representative)- people elect representatives to make the laws.